TY  - JOUR
AU  - Milosavljević, Željko
AU  - Krstić, Nikola
PY  - 2021
UR  - https://vet-erinar.vet.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/2248
AB  - Background/Aim. The reaction of an organism to radiation depends on the level of irradiation and the sensitivity of the affected tissue cells. The biological effects on the cells and tissues are proportional to the absorbed radiation energy. The aim of our study was to examine the effects of hypofunction of the pituitary gland, previously irradiated with x-rays, on the growth of rat’s craniofacial and stomatognathic system as well as rat’s tibia. Methods. A total dose of x-rays of 27.92 Gy was applied in eight sessions in the period from 8 to 63 days of animal age on their heads and the effects of irradiation-induced hypofunction of the pituitary gland on the growth of rat’s craniofacial and stomatognathic system and tibia were examined. In order to differentiate the effects of the irradiated pituitary gland from the direct effects of x-rays on the head, the experiment was set as a double study. One group of animals had the pituitary gland protected with a lead plate set beneath the projection of the gland, while the second group was irradiated with the same dose, but without the protection. The control group of animals were non-irradiated. Results. Growth measurements of numerous parameters of the craniofacial and stomatognathic system as well as tibia in rats with the entire locally irradiated head showed a statistically significant delay, compared to both the non-irradiated control group and the group with the protected pituitary gland. Conclusion. The damage of the stomatognathic and craniofacial system was greater in animals with irradiated head without pituitary gland protection compared to those with the gland protection whereby the growth of the craniofacial system was most affected. Irraduition-induced pituitary gland hypofunction and irradiation itself showed a stronger effect on the lower jaw growth rate impairment compared to the upper jaw. Similarly, the delay in tibia growth was more pronounced in animals without pituitary gland protection during irradiation of their heads compared to non-protected ones.
AB  - Uvod/Cilj. Reakcija organizma na zračenje zavisi od doze
zračenja i osetljivosti ćelija tretiranog tkiva. Biološki efekti
zračenja na ćelije i tkiva proporcionalni su apsorbovanoj radijacionoj energiji. Cilj istraživanja je bio da se ispitaju efekti
hipofunkcije prethodno x-zracima ozračene hipofize na rast
kraniofacijalnog i stomatognatnog sistema pacova. Metode.
Primenjena doza x-zračenja od 27,92 Gy aplicirana je na
dve grupe pacova u 8 seansi tokom perioda od 8 do 63 dana
njihove starosti, uz praćenje efekata zračenja na rast kraniofacijalnog i stomatognatog sistema. U nameri da u merenju
brojnih parametara pomenutih sistema razdvojimo efekte ozračene hipofize od direktnih efekata x zraka koje smo primenili na glavu, postavljen je eksperiment sa ozračivanjem glave
dvema grupama životinja istim dozama x zraka, ali je jednoj zaštićena hipofiza olovnom pločicom postavljenom iznad
hipofiza. Rezultati. Zaostajanje u rastu stomatognatog sistema kod pacova kojima je lokalno ozračena cela glava u odnosu na kontrolne životinje predstavlja zbirni efekat delovanja zračenjem izazvane hipofunkcije hipofize i direktnog delovanja x zračenja, dok zaostajanje u rastu stomatognatog
sistema kod pacova sa ozračenom glavom i hipofizom
zaštićenom od zračenja predstavlja isključivo efekat x zraka.
Zaključak. Oštećenja stomatognatog i kraniofacijalnog
sistema bila su veća kod životinja kojima hipofiza tokom
zračenja glave nije bila zaštićena u odnosu na one sa zaštitom
žlezde prilikom zračenja, pri čemu je rast kraniofacijalnog
sistema u sagitalnom pravcu bio najviše pogođen. Veći zaostatak u rastu usled kombinovanoig dejstva hipofunkcije
hipofize izazvane zračenjem i samog zračanje ustanovljen je
na donjoj vilici u odnosu na gornju vilicu. Slično ovome, zao stajanje u rastu tibije bilo je izraženije kod životinja kojima
tokom zračenja cele glave hipofiza nije bila zaštićena u odnosu na neštićene životinje.
PB  - Savezno Ministarstvo Odbrane, Beograd
T2  - Vojnosanitetski pregled
T1  - The effects of experimentally irradiated pituitary gland on the growth of rats’ tibia, skull, maxilla and mandible
T1  - Uticaj eksperimentalno zračene hipofize na rast potkolenice, lobanje, gornje i donje vilice pacova
VL  - 78
IS  - 9
SP  - 964
EP  - 972
DO  - 10.2298/VSP190904005M
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Milosavljević, Željko and Krstić, Nikola",
year = "2021",
abstract = "Background/Aim. The reaction of an organism to radiation depends on the level of irradiation and the sensitivity of the affected tissue cells. The biological effects on the cells and tissues are proportional to the absorbed radiation energy. The aim of our study was to examine the effects of hypofunction of the pituitary gland, previously irradiated with x-rays, on the growth of rat’s craniofacial and stomatognathic system as well as rat’s tibia. Methods. A total dose of x-rays of 27.92 Gy was applied in eight sessions in the period from 8 to 63 days of animal age on their heads and the effects of irradiation-induced hypofunction of the pituitary gland on the growth of rat’s craniofacial and stomatognathic system and tibia were examined. In order to differentiate the effects of the irradiated pituitary gland from the direct effects of x-rays on the head, the experiment was set as a double study. One group of animals had the pituitary gland protected with a lead plate set beneath the projection of the gland, while the second group was irradiated with the same dose, but without the protection. The control group of animals were non-irradiated. Results. Growth measurements of numerous parameters of the craniofacial and stomatognathic system as well as tibia in rats with the entire locally irradiated head showed a statistically significant delay, compared to both the non-irradiated control group and the group with the protected pituitary gland. Conclusion. The damage of the stomatognathic and craniofacial system was greater in animals with irradiated head without pituitary gland protection compared to those with the gland protection whereby the growth of the craniofacial system was most affected. Irraduition-induced pituitary gland hypofunction and irradiation itself showed a stronger effect on the lower jaw growth rate impairment compared to the upper jaw. Similarly, the delay in tibia growth was more pronounced in animals without pituitary gland protection during irradiation of their heads compared to non-protected ones., Uvod/Cilj. Reakcija organizma na zračenje zavisi od doze
zračenja i osetljivosti ćelija tretiranog tkiva. Biološki efekti
zračenja na ćelije i tkiva proporcionalni su apsorbovanoj radijacionoj energiji. Cilj istraživanja je bio da se ispitaju efekti
hipofunkcije prethodno x-zracima ozračene hipofize na rast
kraniofacijalnog i stomatognatnog sistema pacova. Metode.
Primenjena doza x-zračenja od 27,92 Gy aplicirana je na
dve grupe pacova u 8 seansi tokom perioda od 8 do 63 dana
njihove starosti, uz praćenje efekata zračenja na rast kraniofacijalnog i stomatognatog sistema. U nameri da u merenju
brojnih parametara pomenutih sistema razdvojimo efekte ozračene hipofize od direktnih efekata x zraka koje smo primenili na glavu, postavljen je eksperiment sa ozračivanjem glave
dvema grupama životinja istim dozama x zraka, ali je jednoj zaštićena hipofiza olovnom pločicom postavljenom iznad
hipofiza. Rezultati. Zaostajanje u rastu stomatognatog sistema kod pacova kojima je lokalno ozračena cela glava u odnosu na kontrolne životinje predstavlja zbirni efekat delovanja zračenjem izazvane hipofunkcije hipofize i direktnog delovanja x zračenja, dok zaostajanje u rastu stomatognatog
sistema kod pacova sa ozračenom glavom i hipofizom
zaštićenom od zračenja predstavlja isključivo efekat x zraka.
Zaključak. Oštećenja stomatognatog i kraniofacijalnog
sistema bila su veća kod životinja kojima hipofiza tokom
zračenja glave nije bila zaštićena u odnosu na one sa zaštitom
žlezde prilikom zračenja, pri čemu je rast kraniofacijalnog
sistema u sagitalnom pravcu bio najviše pogođen. Veći zaostatak u rastu usled kombinovanoig dejstva hipofunkcije
hipofize izazvane zračenjem i samog zračanje ustanovljen je
na donjoj vilici u odnosu na gornju vilicu. Slično ovome, zao stajanje u rastu tibije bilo je izraženije kod životinja kojima
tokom zračenja cele glave hipofiza nije bila zaštićena u odnosu na neštićene životinje.",
publisher = "Savezno Ministarstvo Odbrane, Beograd",
journal = "Vojnosanitetski pregled",
title = "The effects of experimentally irradiated pituitary gland on the growth of rats’ tibia, skull, maxilla and mandible, Uticaj eksperimentalno zračene hipofize na rast potkolenice, lobanje, gornje i donje vilice pacova",
volume = "78",
number = "9",
pages = "964-972",
doi = "10.2298/VSP190904005M"
}

Milosavljević, Ž.,& Krstić, N.. (2021). The effects of experimentally irradiated pituitary gland on the growth of rats’ tibia, skull, maxilla and mandible. in Vojnosanitetski pregled
Savezno Ministarstvo Odbrane, Beograd., 78(9), 964-972.
https://doi.org/10.2298/VSP190904005M

Milosavljević Ž, Krstić N. The effects of experimentally irradiated pituitary gland on the growth of rats’ tibia, skull, maxilla and mandible. in Vojnosanitetski pregled. 2021;78(9):964-972.
doi:10.2298/VSP190904005M .

Milosavljević, Željko, Krstić, Nikola, "The effects of experimentally irradiated pituitary gland on the growth of rats’ tibia, skull, maxilla and mandible" in Vojnosanitetski pregled, 78, no. 9 (2021):964-972,
https://doi.org/10.2298/VSP190904005M . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ilić, Dragan
AU  - Stojanović, Ljiljana
AU  - Antonijević, Djordje
AU  - Milutinović-Smiljanić, Sanja
AU  - Savić-Stanković, Tatjana
AU  - Milosavljević, Željko
PY  - 2020
UR  - https://vet-erinar.vet.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/2408
AB  - Radiological diagnostics serves as one of the basic monitoring techniques in veterinary dental practice. The recent up-to-date literature data based on the findings of digital radiology/radiovisiography (RVG) in general dentistry inspired the authors to present its possible use in clinical veterinary dentistry. The digital radiography used in this study was RVG Trophy Radiologie SA 2001 device equipped with software for linear measurements (readings), densitometry, setting of contrast of radiography image, 3D image manipulation, zooming of detail and orientation handling. The aim of the study was to evaluate the bone mineral density of the alveolar part of the lower jaw in seven Scottish terriers. Bone mineral density measurement was performed around the central lower incisors by converting gray scale values into equivalent aluminum thickness (mm Al). The mean bone mineral density was in the range of 4.31-6.20 mm Al with no significant statistical difference between left and right incisors (p>0.01). Our results showed that the combination of RVG and aluminum step wedge etalon is a reliable tool to measure bone mineral density around the lower central incisors in dogs. This method can be considered as comfortable for manipulation in everyday use in clinical veterinary practice.
AB  - Radiološka dijagnostika služi kao jedna od osnovnih tehnika praćenja stadijuma bolesti u veterinarskoj medicini. Najnoviji podaci iz literature govore o prednostima digitalne radiologije/radioviografi je (RVG) inspirisao je autore da predstave njenu moguću primenu u kliničkoj veterinarskoj stomatologiji. Digitalna radiografi ja korišćena u ovom istraživanju ostvarena je upotrebom uređaja RVG Trophy Radiologie SA 2001 opremljenog moćnim programom za linearna merenja (očitavanja), denzitometriju, doterivanje kontrasta na radiogramu, trodimenzionalnu manipulaciju slike, uveličavanje detalja i njegovo orijentisanje. Cilj studije bio je da se proceni gustina koštane mase alveolarnog dela donje vilice kod sedam jorkširskih terijera. Merenje kostne gustine urađeno je na centralnim donjim sekutićima konverzijom jedinica sivobele skale u ekvivalentnu debljinu aluminijuma (mm Al). Prosečna vrednost gustine kosti bila je u opsegu od 4,31 - 6,20 mm Al bez značajne statističke razlike između levog i desnog sekutića (p>0,01). Naši rezultati su pokazali da je kombinacija RVG i aluminijumskog etalona pouzdano način za merenje gusutine koštanog tkiva oko donjih centralnih sekutića pasa. Ovaj se metod može smatrati pogodnim za svakodnevnu upotrebu u kliničkoj veterinarskoj praksi.
T2  - Acta Veterinaria-Beograd
T2  - Acta Veterinaria-Beograd
T1  - Measuring of Mandible Bone Density in Dogs Using /Digital Radiography/ Radiovisigraphy
T1  - Merenje gustine koštanog tkiva mandibule kod pasa primenom digitalne radiografije
VL  - 70
IS  - 3
SP  - 285
EP  - 295
DO  - 10.2478/acve-2020-0021
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Ilić, Dragan and Stojanović, Ljiljana and Antonijević, Djordje and Milutinović-Smiljanić, Sanja and Savić-Stanković, Tatjana and Milosavljević, Željko",
year = "2020",
abstract = "Radiological diagnostics serves as one of the basic monitoring techniques in veterinary dental practice. The recent up-to-date literature data based on the findings of digital radiology/radiovisiography (RVG) in general dentistry inspired the authors to present its possible use in clinical veterinary dentistry. The digital radiography used in this study was RVG Trophy Radiologie SA 2001 device equipped with software for linear measurements (readings), densitometry, setting of contrast of radiography image, 3D image manipulation, zooming of detail and orientation handling. The aim of the study was to evaluate the bone mineral density of the alveolar part of the lower jaw in seven Scottish terriers. Bone mineral density measurement was performed around the central lower incisors by converting gray scale values into equivalent aluminum thickness (mm Al). The mean bone mineral density was in the range of 4.31-6.20 mm Al with no significant statistical difference between left and right incisors (p>0.01). Our results showed that the combination of RVG and aluminum step wedge etalon is a reliable tool to measure bone mineral density around the lower central incisors in dogs. This method can be considered as comfortable for manipulation in everyday use in clinical veterinary practice., Radiološka dijagnostika služi kao jedna od osnovnih tehnika praćenja stadijuma bolesti u veterinarskoj medicini. Najnoviji podaci iz literature govore o prednostima digitalne radiologije/radioviografi je (RVG) inspirisao je autore da predstave njenu moguću primenu u kliničkoj veterinarskoj stomatologiji. Digitalna radiografi ja korišćena u ovom istraživanju ostvarena je upotrebom uređaja RVG Trophy Radiologie SA 2001 opremljenog moćnim programom za linearna merenja (očitavanja), denzitometriju, doterivanje kontrasta na radiogramu, trodimenzionalnu manipulaciju slike, uveličavanje detalja i njegovo orijentisanje. Cilj studije bio je da se proceni gustina koštane mase alveolarnog dela donje vilice kod sedam jorkširskih terijera. Merenje kostne gustine urađeno je na centralnim donjim sekutićima konverzijom jedinica sivobele skale u ekvivalentnu debljinu aluminijuma (mm Al). Prosečna vrednost gustine kosti bila je u opsegu od 4,31 - 6,20 mm Al bez značajne statističke razlike između levog i desnog sekutića (p>0,01). Naši rezultati su pokazali da je kombinacija RVG i aluminijumskog etalona pouzdano način za merenje gusutine koštanog tkiva oko donjih centralnih sekutića pasa. Ovaj se metod može smatrati pogodnim za svakodnevnu upotrebu u kliničkoj veterinarskoj praksi.",
journal = "Acta Veterinaria-Beograd, Acta Veterinaria-Beograd",
title = "Measuring of Mandible Bone Density in Dogs Using /Digital Radiography/ Radiovisigraphy, Merenje gustine koštanog tkiva mandibule kod pasa primenom digitalne radiografije",
volume = "70",
number = "3",
pages = "285-295",
doi = "10.2478/acve-2020-0021"
}

Ilić, D., Stojanović, L., Antonijević, D., Milutinović-Smiljanić, S., Savić-Stanković, T.,& Milosavljević, Ž.. (2020). Measuring of Mandible Bone Density in Dogs Using /Digital Radiography/ Radiovisigraphy. in Acta Veterinaria-Beograd, 70(3), 285-295.
https://doi.org/10.2478/acve-2020-0021

Ilić D, Stojanović L, Antonijević D, Milutinović-Smiljanić S, Savić-Stanković T, Milosavljević Ž. Measuring of Mandible Bone Density in Dogs Using /Digital Radiography/ Radiovisigraphy. in Acta Veterinaria-Beograd. 2020;70(3):285-295.
doi:10.2478/acve-2020-0021 .

Ilić, Dragan, Stojanović, Ljiljana, Antonijević, Djordje, Milutinović-Smiljanić, Sanja, Savić-Stanković, Tatjana, Milosavljević, Željko, "Measuring of Mandible Bone Density in Dogs Using /Digital Radiography/ Radiovisigraphy" in Acta Veterinaria-Beograd, 70, no. 3 (2020):285-295,
https://doi.org/10.2478/acve-2020-0021 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Krstić, Nikola
AU  - Pešut, Olivera
AU  - Marković, D.
AU  - Tepavčević, Zvezdana
AU  - Hadži-Milić, Milan
AU  - Milosavljević, Željko
PY  - 2009
UR  - https://vet-erinar.vet.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/601
AB  - Analyses of the viscerocranial parameters in dogs has been avoided due to inconsistencies in defining the reference points for linear and angular measurements. In our study we classified the elements which refer to the balance of skeletal structures and teeth in relation to other osseous elements. By X-ray-photoimaging spatial relations within the osseous system of the head of German Shepherd dogs angular parameters (gonial angle Go, the angles Iv, SNA, SNB, ANB and NSBa) were constructed. Sagittal positions or inclinations of the upper and lower incisors were determined by angles C and D and their relationship was determined by the interincisal angle E. The position of the upper and lower eyeteeth in relation to the basic plane of the maxilla and mandible was determined by the numerical values of angles F and G. The opportunity to define the type of growth, and the changes between the face and the skull base, was provided by constructing the following angles of the polygon, as well as by the exact determination of their individual and total values:  lt SarGo,  lt NSAr,  lt ArGoIv,  lt GoIvMe.
AB  - Telerendgenske analize viscerokranijalnih parametara su izbegavane usled toga što referentne tačke za linearna i angularna merenja nisu bile definisane. U našem radu, klasifikovani su elementi koji se odnose na ravnotežu skeletnih struktura i zuba u odnosu na ostale kostne anatomske entitete glave. Prostorni odnosi na kostnom sistemu glave pasa rase nemački ovčar, utvrđeni su konstrukcijom i numeričkim određivanjem najznačajnijih uglovnih parametara: gonijalni ugao Go, uglovi Iv, SNA, SNB, ANB, NSBa. Sagitalni položaji ili nagibi gornjih i donjih sekutić a određeni su preko uglova C i D, a odnos između ova dva parametra konstrukcijom interincizalnog ugla E. Položaj gornjih i donjih očnjaka u odnosu na osnovnu ravan maksile i mandibule determinisan je egzaktnim numeričkim vrednostima uglova F i G. Definisanje tipa rasta lica i promene odnosa lica i baze lobanje omogućeno je formiranjem sledećih uglova poligona, kao i egzaktnim određivanjem njihovih pojedinačnih i zbirnih vrednosti:  lt SarGo,  lt NSAr,  lt Ar- GoIv,  lt GoIvMe.
PB  - Univerzitet u Beogradu - Fakultet veterinarske medicine, Beograd
T2  - Acta Veterinaria-Beograd
T1  - X-ray craniometric and x-ray cephalometric determination of angular parameters in German shepherd dogs
T1  - Rendgenkraniometrijsko i rendgenkefalometrijsko određivanje angularnih parametara kod pasa rase nemački ovčar
VL  - 59
IS  - 2-3
SP  - 255
EP  - 265
DO  - 10.2298/AVB0903255K
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Krstić, Nikola and Pešut, Olivera and Marković, D. and Tepavčević, Zvezdana and Hadži-Milić, Milan and Milosavljević, Željko",
year = "2009",
abstract = "Analyses of the viscerocranial parameters in dogs has been avoided due to inconsistencies in defining the reference points for linear and angular measurements. In our study we classified the elements which refer to the balance of skeletal structures and teeth in relation to other osseous elements. By X-ray-photoimaging spatial relations within the osseous system of the head of German Shepherd dogs angular parameters (gonial angle Go, the angles Iv, SNA, SNB, ANB and NSBa) were constructed. Sagittal positions or inclinations of the upper and lower incisors were determined by angles C and D and their relationship was determined by the interincisal angle E. The position of the upper and lower eyeteeth in relation to the basic plane of the maxilla and mandible was determined by the numerical values of angles F and G. The opportunity to define the type of growth, and the changes between the face and the skull base, was provided by constructing the following angles of the polygon, as well as by the exact determination of their individual and total values:  lt SarGo,  lt NSAr,  lt ArGoIv,  lt GoIvMe., Telerendgenske analize viscerokranijalnih parametara su izbegavane usled toga što referentne tačke za linearna i angularna merenja nisu bile definisane. U našem radu, klasifikovani su elementi koji se odnose na ravnotežu skeletnih struktura i zuba u odnosu na ostale kostne anatomske entitete glave. Prostorni odnosi na kostnom sistemu glave pasa rase nemački ovčar, utvrđeni su konstrukcijom i numeričkim određivanjem najznačajnijih uglovnih parametara: gonijalni ugao Go, uglovi Iv, SNA, SNB, ANB, NSBa. Sagitalni položaji ili nagibi gornjih i donjih sekutić a određeni su preko uglova C i D, a odnos između ova dva parametra konstrukcijom interincizalnog ugla E. Položaj gornjih i donjih očnjaka u odnosu na osnovnu ravan maksile i mandibule determinisan je egzaktnim numeričkim vrednostima uglova F i G. Definisanje tipa rasta lica i promene odnosa lica i baze lobanje omogućeno je formiranjem sledećih uglova poligona, kao i egzaktnim određivanjem njihovih pojedinačnih i zbirnih vrednosti:  lt SarGo,  lt NSAr,  lt Ar- GoIv,  lt GoIvMe.",
publisher = "Univerzitet u Beogradu - Fakultet veterinarske medicine, Beograd",
journal = "Acta Veterinaria-Beograd",
title = "X-ray craniometric and x-ray cephalometric determination of angular parameters in German shepherd dogs, Rendgenkraniometrijsko i rendgenkefalometrijsko određivanje angularnih parametara kod pasa rase nemački ovčar",
volume = "59",
number = "2-3",
pages = "255-265",
doi = "10.2298/AVB0903255K"
}

Krstić, N., Pešut, O., Marković, D., Tepavčević, Z., Hadži-Milić, M.,& Milosavljević, Ž.. (2009). X-ray craniometric and x-ray cephalometric determination of angular parameters in German shepherd dogs. in Acta Veterinaria-Beograd
Univerzitet u Beogradu - Fakultet veterinarske medicine, Beograd., 59(2-3), 255-265.
https://doi.org/10.2298/AVB0903255K

Krstić N, Pešut O, Marković D, Tepavčević Z, Hadži-Milić M, Milosavljević Ž. X-ray craniometric and x-ray cephalometric determination of angular parameters in German shepherd dogs. in Acta Veterinaria-Beograd. 2009;59(2-3):255-265.
doi:10.2298/AVB0903255K .

Krstić, Nikola, Pešut, Olivera, Marković, D., Tepavčević, Zvezdana, Hadži-Milić, Milan, Milosavljević, Željko, "X-ray craniometric and x-ray cephalometric determination of angular parameters in German shepherd dogs" in Acta Veterinaria-Beograd, 59, no. 2-3 (2009):255-265,
https://doi.org/10.2298/AVB0903255K . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Krstić, Nikola
AU  - Macanović, Mirjana
AU  - Milosavljević, Željko
AU  - Tepavčević, Zvezdana
PY  - 2002
UR  - https://vet-erinar.vet.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/204
AB  - In parallel with the stepped up urbanisation of modern man, there is an increasing number of house pets of different breeds and species who suffer certain biological and physiological changes because of the specific manner of breeding and upkeep. The altered conditions of their natural environment can lead to disorders in the animal genetic fund, which is why numerous diseases include cases of constitutional flaws (caries, periodontosis and related complications, cysts, abscesses, malformations of hereditary origin - hypodontia, andontia, impacted teeth, and others). The paper presents cases of the most frequent diseases of teeth and supporting tissues, as well as the optimal manner of therapy. It also points out certain limitations in practicing veterinary orthodontia aimed at avoiding situations when certain congenital or acquired anomalies are corrected but result in the animal no longer meeting the required standards for its species.
AB  - Uporedo sa ubrzanom urbanizacijom modernog čoveka, zapaža se i povećan broj kućnih ljubimaca različitih vrsta i rasa, koji zbog specifičnog načina odgajanja trpe određene biološke i fiziološke promene. Izmenjeni uslovi prirodnog okruženja mogu da prouzrokuju poremećaje genetskog fonda životinja, što je razlog da se među mnogim bolestima javljaju slučajevi konstitucionalnih mana (karijes, paradontopatija i njihove komplikacije ciste, apscesi, malformacije naslednog porekla – hipodoncija, anodoncija impakcija zuba i slično). U radu su prikazani slučajevi najčešćih oboljenja zuba i njihovog potpornog aparata, kao i optimalni načini njihove terapije. Ukazano je i na određena ograničenja kojih moramo da se pridržavamo u veterinarskoj ortodonciji, kako bi se izbegle situacije korekcije pojedinih urođenih ili stečenih anomalija zbog kojih životinja odstupa od propisanih standarda za svoju vrstu.
PB  - Univerzitet u Beogradu - Fakultet veterinarske medicine, Beograd
T2  - Veterinarski Glasnik
T1  - Diagnosis and therapy of oral cavity diseases in small domestic animals
T1  - Dijagnostika i terapija oboljenja usne duplje malih domaćih životinja
VL  - 56
IS  - 3-4
SP  - 187
EP  - 194
DO  - 10.2298/VETGL0204187K
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Krstić, Nikola and Macanović, Mirjana and Milosavljević, Željko and Tepavčević, Zvezdana",
year = "2002",
abstract = "In parallel with the stepped up urbanisation of modern man, there is an increasing number of house pets of different breeds and species who suffer certain biological and physiological changes because of the specific manner of breeding and upkeep. The altered conditions of their natural environment can lead to disorders in the animal genetic fund, which is why numerous diseases include cases of constitutional flaws (caries, periodontosis and related complications, cysts, abscesses, malformations of hereditary origin - hypodontia, andontia, impacted teeth, and others). The paper presents cases of the most frequent diseases of teeth and supporting tissues, as well as the optimal manner of therapy. It also points out certain limitations in practicing veterinary orthodontia aimed at avoiding situations when certain congenital or acquired anomalies are corrected but result in the animal no longer meeting the required standards for its species., Uporedo sa ubrzanom urbanizacijom modernog čoveka, zapaža se i povećan broj kućnih ljubimaca različitih vrsta i rasa, koji zbog specifičnog načina odgajanja trpe određene biološke i fiziološke promene. Izmenjeni uslovi prirodnog okruženja mogu da prouzrokuju poremećaje genetskog fonda životinja, što je razlog da se među mnogim bolestima javljaju slučajevi konstitucionalnih mana (karijes, paradontopatija i njihove komplikacije ciste, apscesi, malformacije naslednog porekla – hipodoncija, anodoncija impakcija zuba i slično). U radu su prikazani slučajevi najčešćih oboljenja zuba i njihovog potpornog aparata, kao i optimalni načini njihove terapije. Ukazano je i na određena ograničenja kojih moramo da se pridržavamo u veterinarskoj ortodonciji, kako bi se izbegle situacije korekcije pojedinih urođenih ili stečenih anomalija zbog kojih životinja odstupa od propisanih standarda za svoju vrstu.",
publisher = "Univerzitet u Beogradu - Fakultet veterinarske medicine, Beograd",
journal = "Veterinarski Glasnik",
title = "Diagnosis and therapy of oral cavity diseases in small domestic animals, Dijagnostika i terapija oboljenja usne duplje malih domaćih životinja",
volume = "56",
number = "3-4",
pages = "187-194",
doi = "10.2298/VETGL0204187K"
}

Krstić, N., Macanović, M., Milosavljević, Ž.,& Tepavčević, Z.. (2002). Diagnosis and therapy of oral cavity diseases in small domestic animals. in Veterinarski Glasnik
Univerzitet u Beogradu - Fakultet veterinarske medicine, Beograd., 56(3-4), 187-194.
https://doi.org/10.2298/VETGL0204187K

Krstić N, Macanović M, Milosavljević Ž, Tepavčević Z. Diagnosis and therapy of oral cavity diseases in small domestic animals. in Veterinarski Glasnik. 2002;56(3-4):187-194.
doi:10.2298/VETGL0204187K .

Krstić, Nikola, Macanović, Mirjana, Milosavljević, Željko, Tepavčević, Zvezdana, "Diagnosis and therapy of oral cavity diseases in small domestic animals" in Veterinarski Glasnik, 56, no. 3-4 (2002):187-194,
https://doi.org/10.2298/VETGL0204187K . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Krstić, Nikola
AU  - Milosavljević, Željko
AU  - Tepavčević, Zvezdana
PY  - 2002
UR  - https://vet-erinar.vet.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/216
AB  - After rentgencraniornetric and roentgencephalometric analysis of the most significant reference points for dogs of the German Shepherd breed aged 12 months, we considered it would be of importance, both from the scientific and cynologic point of view, to determine all linear parameters which might be used in the exact type classification of the neuroviscerocranium of these animals. Correct proportions of certain regions of the face and head were exactly determined by defining and numerical specifying the following lines line N (Nasion)- S (Sella), bispinal or palatine plane alpha (SnA- SnP) occlusive plane- beta, plane gamma (Go- Me) and line N-A. The line N-Iv denotes the middle height of the face which is specific for the mesocephalic type of dogs head. In addition to these, there are also the lines Co Condylion) - Go (Gonion), Go (Gonion) - Me (Menton) and line S (Sella) Go (Gonion). A full inspection of the harmony and anatomic balance in the proportions of the neuroviscerocranium skeleton was achieved by specifying the following linear parameters for the frontal photograph: the lines Zy- Zy (Zygon), Eu- Eu (between the Eurion points), the lines Em- Em, ecm- ecm Eim- Eim, Go- Go, the distances En- En, Ein- Bin, Ecm- Ecm, Ecp- Ecp and Ecl- Ecl.
AB  - Rendgenkraniometrijskom i rendgenkefalometrijskom analizom najznačajnijih referentnih tačaka kod pasa rase nemački ovčar starosti 12 meseci određivani su linearni parametri koji bi se mogli koristiti u egzaktnoj tipizaciji neuroviscerokranijuma ovih životinja. Pravilni odnosi pojedinih regija lica i glave egzaktno su utvrđeni definisanjem i numeričkim određivanjem sledećih linija: linija N (Nasion)- S (Sella), bispinalna ili palatinalna ravan alfa (SnA- SnP), okluzana ravan- beta, ravan gama (Go- Me) i linija N-A. Linija N-lv predstavlja srednju visinu lica osobenu za mezocefalni tip glave psa. Pored ovih postoje još i linije Co (Condylion) Go (Gonion)- Me (Menton) i linija S (Sella)- Go (Gonion), Potpuni uvid u skladnost i anatomsku ravnotežu skeletnog odnosa neuroviscerokranijuma dobijen je određivanjem sledećih linearnih parametara na frontalnom snimku linija Zy-Zy (Zygion), Eu-Eu (između tačaka Eurion), linija Em-Em, ecm-ecm Eim-Eim, Go-Go, rastojanje En-En, Ein-Ein, Ecm-Ecm, Ecp-Ecp i Ecl-Ecl.
PB  - Univerzitet u Beogradu - Fakultet veterinarske medicine, Beograd
T2  - Acta Veterinaria-Beograd
T1  - Roentgencraniometric and roent-gencenphalometric determination of linear parameters on dogs of German Shepard breed
T1  - Rendgenkraniometrijsko i rendgenkefalometrisjko ispitivanje linearnih parametara pasa rase nemački ovčar
VL  - 52
IS  - 2-3
SP  - 181
EP  - 196
DO  - 10.2298/AVB0203181K
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Krstić, Nikola and Milosavljević, Željko and Tepavčević, Zvezdana",
year = "2002",
abstract = "After rentgencraniornetric and roentgencephalometric analysis of the most significant reference points for dogs of the German Shepherd breed aged 12 months, we considered it would be of importance, both from the scientific and cynologic point of view, to determine all linear parameters which might be used in the exact type classification of the neuroviscerocranium of these animals. Correct proportions of certain regions of the face and head were exactly determined by defining and numerical specifying the following lines line N (Nasion)- S (Sella), bispinal or palatine plane alpha (SnA- SnP) occlusive plane- beta, plane gamma (Go- Me) and line N-A. The line N-Iv denotes the middle height of the face which is specific for the mesocephalic type of dogs head. In addition to these, there are also the lines Co Condylion) - Go (Gonion), Go (Gonion) - Me (Menton) and line S (Sella) Go (Gonion). A full inspection of the harmony and anatomic balance in the proportions of the neuroviscerocranium skeleton was achieved by specifying the following linear parameters for the frontal photograph: the lines Zy- Zy (Zygon), Eu- Eu (between the Eurion points), the lines Em- Em, ecm- ecm Eim- Eim, Go- Go, the distances En- En, Ein- Bin, Ecm- Ecm, Ecp- Ecp and Ecl- Ecl., Rendgenkraniometrijskom i rendgenkefalometrijskom analizom najznačajnijih referentnih tačaka kod pasa rase nemački ovčar starosti 12 meseci određivani su linearni parametri koji bi se mogli koristiti u egzaktnoj tipizaciji neuroviscerokranijuma ovih životinja. Pravilni odnosi pojedinih regija lica i glave egzaktno su utvrđeni definisanjem i numeričkim određivanjem sledećih linija: linija N (Nasion)- S (Sella), bispinalna ili palatinalna ravan alfa (SnA- SnP), okluzana ravan- beta, ravan gama (Go- Me) i linija N-A. Linija N-lv predstavlja srednju visinu lica osobenu za mezocefalni tip glave psa. Pored ovih postoje još i linije Co (Condylion) Go (Gonion)- Me (Menton) i linija S (Sella)- Go (Gonion), Potpuni uvid u skladnost i anatomsku ravnotežu skeletnog odnosa neuroviscerokranijuma dobijen je određivanjem sledećih linearnih parametara na frontalnom snimku linija Zy-Zy (Zygion), Eu-Eu (između tačaka Eurion), linija Em-Em, ecm-ecm Eim-Eim, Go-Go, rastojanje En-En, Ein-Ein, Ecm-Ecm, Ecp-Ecp i Ecl-Ecl.",
publisher = "Univerzitet u Beogradu - Fakultet veterinarske medicine, Beograd",
journal = "Acta Veterinaria-Beograd",
title = "Roentgencraniometric and roent-gencenphalometric determination of linear parameters on dogs of German Shepard breed, Rendgenkraniometrijsko i rendgenkefalometrisjko ispitivanje linearnih parametara pasa rase nemački ovčar",
volume = "52",
number = "2-3",
pages = "181-196",
doi = "10.2298/AVB0203181K"
}

Krstić, N., Milosavljević, Ž.,& Tepavčević, Z.. (2002). Roentgencraniometric and roent-gencenphalometric determination of linear parameters on dogs of German Shepard breed. in Acta Veterinaria-Beograd
Univerzitet u Beogradu - Fakultet veterinarske medicine, Beograd., 52(2-3), 181-196.
https://doi.org/10.2298/AVB0203181K

Krstić N, Milosavljević Ž, Tepavčević Z. Roentgencraniometric and roent-gencenphalometric determination of linear parameters on dogs of German Shepard breed. in Acta Veterinaria-Beograd. 2002;52(2-3):181-196.
doi:10.2298/AVB0203181K .

Krstić, Nikola, Milosavljević, Željko, Tepavčević, Zvezdana, "Roentgencraniometric and roent-gencenphalometric determination of linear parameters on dogs of German Shepard breed" in Acta Veterinaria-Beograd, 52, no. 2-3 (2002):181-196,
https://doi.org/10.2298/AVB0203181K . .