The effect of acetylsalicylic acid and meloxicam on hematological parameters in rats

Abstract

In this work there was investigated the effect of two nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), acetylsalicylic acid or aspirin (nonselective cyclooxygenase inhibitor - COX1 i COX2) and meloxicam (selective cyclooxygenase inhibitor - COX2) on certain hematological parameters in rats. The objective of the work was to determine whether (and to which extent), these drugs, after multiple peroral application, influence erythrocyte number, concentration of hemoglobin, hematological indices (mean corpuscular value - MCV; mean concentration of hemoglobin in erythrocytes - MCH; mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration - MCHC), hematocrit, number of platelets, leukocytes, neutrophilic leukocytes, lymphocytes and monocytes. The experiment was conducted in vivo conditions on 70 clinically healthy Wistar strain male rats, 10 to 12 weeks of age and body weight 250 to 300 g. The rats were divided into seven groups and they were daily perorally (by probe) given aspirin (ASCOPIR) at doses of 30, 40 and 80 mg/kg b.m. (I, II and III groups), or meloxicam (METACAM) at doses of 100, 125 and 250 μg/kg b.m. (IV, V and VI groups), for seven days. The seventh group was a control one and they were given only saline. The obtained results showed that: acetylsalicylic acid in maximum dose tested (80 mg/kg b.m.) statistically significantly reduced the number of platelets (p lt 0,05), the number of leukocytes (p lt 0,05), the number of lymphocytes (p lt 0,05) and the number of monocytes (p lt 0,05), while on the other side, meloxicam in maximum dose tested (250 μg/kg), statis­tically significantly reduced the mean corpuscular value (MCV), and increased the number of platelets (p lt 0,05), relative to the control value.

U ovom radu je ispitivan uticaj dva nesteroidna antiinflamatorna leka (NSAIL), acetilsalicilne kiseline ili aspirina (neselektivni inhibitor ciklooksigenaze - COX1 i COX2) i meloksikama (selektivnog inhibitora ciklooksigenaze - COX2) na određene hematološke parametre kod pacova. Cilj rada je bio da se utvrdi da li (i u kom stepenu) navedeni lekovi posle višekratne peroralne aplikacije, imaju uticaja na broj eritrocita, koncentraciju hemoglobina, hematološke indekse (prosečnu zapreminu eritrocita - MCV; prosečnu količinu hemoglobina u eritrocitima - MCH; prosečnu koncentraciju hemoglobina u eritrocitima - MCHC), hematokrit, broj trombocita, broj leukocita, neutrofilnih leukocita, limfocita i monocita. Ogled je izveden u in vivo uslovima na 70 kliničkih zdravih pacova, soja Wistar, muškog pola, starosti od 10 do 12 nedelja i telesne mase od 250 do 300 g. Pacovi su podeljeni u sedam grupa i njima je svakodnevno peroralno (uz pomoć sonde), u toku 7 dana primenjivan aspirin (ASCOPIR) u dozama od 30, 40 i 80 mg/kg t.m./ dnevno (I, II i III grupa), odnosno meloksikam (METACAM) u dozama od 100, 125 i 250 μg/kg t.m.(IV, V i VI grupa). Sedma grupa je služila kao kontrola i njoj je aplikovan samo fiziološki rastvor. Dobijeni rezultati pokazali su da je: acetilsalicilna kiselina u najvećoj testiranoj dozi (80 mg/kg t.m.), statistički značajno smanjila broj trombocita (p lt 0,05), broj leukocita (p lt 0,05), broj limfocita (p lt 0,05) i broj monocita (p lt 0,05), dok je meloksikam u najvećoj testiranoj dozi (250 μg/kg), statistički značajno smanjio zapreminu eritrocita (MCV), a povećao broj trombocita (p lt 0,05) u odnosu na kontrolnu vrednost.