The efficacy of clinoptilolite in protection of animals poisoned with bromadiolone

Abstract

Our previous investigations showed that activated charcoal could not offer any protection in animals poisoned with bromadiolone, the widely used anticoagulant rodenticide. Therefore, the aim of this work was to evaluate the efficacy of clinoptilolite, a zeolite with improved adsorbent capacity, in protection against acute peroral poisoning with bromadiolone. The experiments were performed in adult Wistar rats of both sexes, starving for several hours before administration of bromadiolone (1.3 LD-50 p.o.). The protected animals were given clinoptilolite (20% water suspension) in doses of 1 ml/kg p.o. or 3 ml/kg p.o. either immediately after or 1 h after bromadiolone, as well as 3 ml/kg p.o. immediately after and 1 h, 2 h and 3 h after bromadiolone (four doses of 3 ml/kg in total). The efficacy of the adsorbent tested was estimated by means of the mean lethality times (LT-50) of protected animals in comparison with that of the control one. The results demonstrated that clinoptilolite, regardless of the given dosage regimen, failed to protect animals poisoned with bromadiolone. Our results suggest that adsorbents, as unspecific antidotes, cannot offer any protection in animals perorally poisoned with lethal doses of anticoagulant rodenticides.

Naša prethodna istraživanja su pokazala da medicinski ugalj ne pruža nikakvu zaštitu u životinja trovanih bromadiolonom. Zato smo u ovom radu pokušali da ispitamo eflkasnost klinoptilolita, jedne vrste modifikovanog zeolita sa poboljšanim adsorbentnim kapacitetom, u zaštiti životinja akutno otrovanih bromadiolonom, antikoagulantnim rodenticidom koji se danas široko koristi u eradikaciji glodara. Eksperimenti su izvedeni na odraslim, polno zrelim pacovima Wistar soja, oba pola, koji su pre primene bromadiolona (1.3 LD-50, p.o.) ostavljeni da gladuju nekoliko časova. U cilju zaštite, životinjama je peroralno aplikovan klinoptilolit (20% vodena suspenzija) u dozi od 1 ml/kg, odnosno 3 ml/kg, odmah posle ili 1 sat nakon aplikacije bromadiolona, kao i u dozi od 3 ml/kg odmah posle i još tri puta, na svakih sat vremena, u naredna tri sata (ukupno četiri puta). Efikasnost testiranog adsorbensa je procenjivana pomocu srednjeg vremena uginjavanja (LT-50) štićenih, u odnosu na neštićene (kontrolne) životinje. Dobijeni rezultati su pokazali da, poput medicinskog uglja, ni klinoptilolit, bez obzira na primenjene doze, nije uspeo da zaštiti životinje akutno trovane bromadiolonom.