Examination of the most common allergens of canine atopic dermatitis - a retrospective study

Abstract

Canine atopic dermatitis (CAD) is one of the most common skin diseases of dogs. It is estimated that 10-15% of the dogs are showing clinical symptoms of this disease. Canine atopic dermatitis is defi ned as genetically predisposed infl ammatory and pruritic allergic skin disease with characteristic clinical symptoms. It is related to the production of IgE antibodies, mostly directed against external allergens. Allergens that can cause canine atopic dermatitis are quite numerous and depend on the geographical characteristics of research location. Th e aim of the study is to determine the most common allergens that can cause canine atopic dermatitis. Th e research was conducted according to medical records of 100 dogs during a period from the beginning of 2008 to the end of 2012 from the Department for skin diseases of small animals of the Clinic of equine, small animal, poultry and wild animal diseases at the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade. According to the clinical documentation, all of the tested dogs had clinically manifested symptoms of CAD. In order to confi rm the diagnosis and detect the causative allergens, intradermal testing has been done. Th is testing has been performed with a standard set of 24 allergens specifi c to the geographical area of the research, produced in the Institute of Virology, Vaccines and Sera “Torlak”. According to the results, the highest percentage of positive responses was established for the following allergens: house dust mites (Dermatophagoides sp.) 67%, ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia) 61%, household dust 60%, cocks foot (Dactylis sp.) 59%, mix of weed pollen 57%.

Atopični dermatitis pasa (ADP) je jedno od najčešćih oboljenja pasa. Procenjuje se da 10 do 15% pasa ispoljava kliničke simptome bolesti. Atopični dermatitis pasa se defi niše kao genetički predisponirajuće oboljenje koje prati infl amatorni tok i alergijski svrab. Oboljenje nastaje zbog produkcije IgE antitela usmerenih na alergene iz spoljne sredine. Postoje mnogobrojni alergeni koji uzorkuju atopični dermatitis kod pasa zavisno od geografskih karakteristika lokacija koje se istražuju. Cilj studije je bio da se utvrdi koji su najčešći alergeni koji uzorkuju atopični dermatitis. Istraživanje je urađeno prema medicinskim protkolima za 100 pasa u period od početka 2008 do kraja 2012 godine iz ambulante za oboljenja kože Departmana za bolesti kopitara mesojeda, živine i divljači, na Faklutetu veterinarske medicine, Univerziteta u Beogradu. Prema kliničkoj dokumentaciji, svi testirani psi su imali kliničke manifestacije koje upoućuju na ADP. Kako bi potvrdili dijagnozu i detektovali uzročne alergene, potrebno je da se uradi intradermalni test. Navedeni test je urađen sa standardnim setom od 24 poznata alergena koji su specifi čni za geografsku oblast istraživanja, a proizvedeni su u Institutu za virusologiju, vakcine i serume “Torlak”. Na osnovu dobijenih rezultata ustvrđeno je da je najčešći procenat pozitivnih odgovora dobijen kod sledećih alergena: grinja iz kućne prašine (Dermatophagoides sp.) 67%, ambrozije (Ambrosia artemisiifolia) 61%, kućne prašine 60%, mačije trave (Dactylis sp.) 59%, mešavine polena 57%.