Uticaj prirodnog zeolita na biohemijske i hematološke parametre krvi, telesnu masu i prirast teladi

Abstract

U radu je dat prikaz rezultata ispitivanja uticaja prirodnog zeolita (u tipu klinoptilolita) na stepen resorpcije kolostralnih imunoglobulina, vrednosti hematoloških parametara i aktivnost enzima u krvnom serumu (AST, ALT i LDH), telesnu masu i dnevni prirast teladi u prva tri meseca života. Istraživanja su obavljena na tri grupe od po 10 muške i ženske teladi, sa odnosom polova 1:1, (kontrolna, K i dve ogledne, I i II) crno bele rase u tipu holštajna. Sve tri grupe teladi hranjene su uobičajenim obrocima (kolostrum, zbirno kravlje mleko, krmna smeša sa 18% ukupnih proteina i seno lucerke). Ogledne grupe teladi, za razliku od kontrolne, dobijale su kolostrum odnosno zbirno kravlje mleko sa dodatkom preparata na bazi prirodnog zeolita u količini od 5 odnosno 10 g/L mleka. Koncentracija imunoglobulina G u krvnom serumu oglednih grupa teladi bila je značajno veća od kontrolne grupe (35,9 ± 6,43 g/l kod I ogledne grupe; 32,5 ± 7,39 g/l kod II ogledne grupe; 20,8 ± 6,88 g/l kod kontrolne grupe). Rezultati ispitivanja vrednosti hematoloških parametara (broj eritrocita, koncentracija hemoglobina i vrednost hematokrita) ne pokazuju odstupanja od fizioloških vrednosti i približ no su iste kod oglednih i kontrolne grupe teladi, što ukazuje na to da ispitivani kvalitet preparata na bazi prirodnog zeolita nije uticao na stepen resorpcije gvožđa i drugih oligoelemenata značajnih za eritropoezu. Podaci o aktivnosti enzima u krvnom serumu ukazuju na to da ispitivani preparat ne prouzrokuje značajnije funkcionalne i morfološke promene u tkivu parenhimatoznih organa i mišićima. Kod teladi oglednih grupa nisu primećeni značajniji poremećaji zdravlja, dok su u kontrolnoj grupi 3 teleta imala gastrointestinalne poremećaje (dijareja). Telad I ogledne grupe koja su dobijala kolostrum odnosno zbirno kravlje mleko sa dodatkom 5g zeolita/L mleka imala su 90. dana života značajno veću prosečnu telesnu masu i dnevni prirast od teladi kontrolne grupe (116,0 ± 6,9 :105,3± 6,4 kg), odnosno (0,868:0,743 g). Dodatak prirodnog zeolita u količini od 5g/L kolostruma/mleka za napajanje teladi daje bolje rezultate i ima prednost u odnosu na veću dozu zeolita od 10g/L.

The work presents the results of investigations of the effect of natural zeolite (clinoptilolite type) on the degree of resorption of colostral immunoglobulins, the value of hematological parameters and enzyme activity in blood serum (AST, ALT, and LDH), body mass, and daily growth of calves in the first three months of life. Investigations were carried out on three groups of 10 male and female calves each, with a 1:1 ratio of sexes, (control, K, and two experimental groups, I and II), of the black-and-white breed, Holstein type. All three groups of calves were fed with the usual rations (colostrum, collective cows’ milk, fodder mix with 18% total proteins, and lucerne hay).The experimental groups of calves, as opposed to the controls, received colostrum and collective cows’ milk with the addition of a preparation based on natural zeolite in quantities of 5 and 10 g/l milk. The concentration of immunoglobulin G in blood serum of experimental groups of calves was significantly higher than the values of the control group (35.9±6.43 g/l in Group I; 32.5±7.39 g/l in Group II; 20.8±6.88 g/l in control group K). The results of the investigations of the values of hematological parameters (number of erythrocytes, hemoglobin concentration, and hematocrit value) do not show any digressions from the physiological values and are approximately the same in the experimental and the control groups of calves, which indicates that the examined quality of the zeolite-based preparation did not affect the degree of the resorption of iron and other oligoelements significant for erythropoiesis. The data on the enzyme activity in blood serum indicate that the examined preparation does not cause any significant functional or morphological changes in the tissue of parenchymatous organs or muscles. There were no significant disorders in the health of calves of the experimental groups, while 3 calves of the control group had gastrointestinal disorders (diarrhea). Calves of experimental group I which received colostrum and collective cows’ milk with an addition of 5g zeolite/l milk had a significantly greater average body mass and daily growth on the 90th day of life than calves of the control group (116.0-6.9: 105.3-6.4 kg, and 0.868:0.743 g). The addition of natural zeolite in quantities of 5 g/l colostrum or milk yields better results and has an advantage over the higher doze of zeolite of 10 g/l.