Genetic polymorphism of blood proteins in Yugoslav shepherd dog

Abstract

The present study is aimed to provide the first insight into the genetic constitution of Yugoslav shepherd dog based upon analysis of blood proteins and enzyme polymorphism. A total of 60 Yugoslav shepherd dogs were included in the study and polymorphism of hemoglobin (Hb), acid phosphatase (Acp) superoxide dismutase (Sod), albumin (Al), and transferrine (If) was electrophoretically analysed. Hb system did not show polymorphism. FS and SS phenotypes of Acp were established with Acps allelic gene displaying significantly higher frequency (0.82) than AcpF (0.18). The analysis of Sod polymorphism showed SodAA and SodAB phenotypes controlled by SodA (0.74) and SodB (0.26) with clear predominance of SodA allele. Both Al allelic genes At (0.30) and Als(0.70), and all three possible phenotypes (F, FS, and S) were detected. Seven Tf phenotypes controlled by five allelic genes 77* Tf8, Tf, 77°, and Tf-were revealed which makes the Yugoslav shepherd dog the only dog breed displaying all five Tf genes. The associated gene frequencies were (0.13, 0.35, 0.06, 0.41 i 0.05), respectively. According to the calculated values of homogeneity index, Al and Tf were identified as highly polymorphic protein markers which is a result of importance for future genetic characterization of the Yugoslav shepherd dog. Significant deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium were detected at Sod and Tf loci these being primarily attributed to genetic drift, although crossbreeding should not be disregarded as a factor of possible importance as well.

Ova studija predstavlja prvu analizu genetske konstitucije pasa rase jugoslovenski ovčarski pas - šarplaninac na osnovu ispitivanja polimorfizma proteinskih i enzimskih sistema u krvi pasa ove rase. U studiju je bilo uključeno 60 pasa kod kojih je izvršena elektroforetska analiza polimorfizma hemoglobina (Hb), eritrocitne kisele fosfataze (Acp), superoksid-dismutaze (Sod), albumina (Al) i transferina (Tf). U sistemu Hb nije ustanovljen polimorfizam. Dokazano je prisustvo FS i SS fenotipova Acp pri čemu je učestalost Acps (0.82) alela u odnosu na AcpF alel (0.18), bila značajno veća. Analizom polimorfizma Sod utvrđeni su SodAA i So-dAB fenotipovi koji su kontrolisani SodA i SodB alelnim genima, sa frekvencama (0.74 i 0.26) prema redosledu, uz jasnu predominaciju SodA alela. U ispitivanoj populaciji dokazano je prisustvo oba do sada opisana Al alelna gena (AIF i Als) sa frekvencama (0.30. i 0.70) kao i sva tri moguća fenotipa (F, FS i S). Utvrđeno je prisustvo sedam Tf fenotipova koje kontroliše pet alelnih gena TfA, TfB, Tf0, Tr i TfE sa frekvencama (0.13, 0.35, 0.06, 0.41 i 0.05) prema redosledu. Jugoslovenski ovčarski pas je jedina rasa pasa kod koje je ustanovljeno svih pet Tf alelnih gena pri čemu su najviše frekvence registrovane za alele TfB i TfD. Na osnovu izračunatih vrednosti indeksa homogenosti, ustanovljeni su izrazito polimorfni proteinski markeri što je od značaja za buduće studije genetske karakterizacije jugoslovenskog ovčarskog psa. Dokazano je da se ispitivana populacija pasa u odnosu na Sod i Tf lokus ne nalazi u genetičkoj ravnoteži. Faktor koji je primarno uticao na stanje genetičke ravnoteže je genetički drift, ali je i ukrštanje faktor od potencijalno velikog značaja.