Pathohistological changes in kidney and LDH activity in broiler treated with different doses of ochratoxin A

Abstract

The three-week long trial was performed on day-old Hybro broilers divided into four groups. After 14 days long preexperimental period, the experimental groups were offered feed contaminated with 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 ppm OA during 7 respectively. At the end of the trial blood and kidney samples were taken for investigations. In broilers feed with 1.5 ppm of OA histopathological examination of the kidney tissue revealed changes located in proximal tubules. Some cells were dim and swollen. These changes produced particular or total reduction in tubular lumen of kidney. Acute tubular necrosis existed in some of tubulocites in form of small foci. Fragmentation of necrotic mass and presence of fresh red blood cells were also detected. The LDH activity was significantly greater in broilers of experimental groups compared with control group. All presented data indicated that intensity of pathohistological alterations and LDH activity depends upon dietary OTA level. Positive correlation between pathohistological changes and increased LDH activity caused by OTA was noticed. Thus, LDH activity measure could be used as early diagnostic tool in measuring changes caused by OTA.

Ogled je izveden na Hybro-brojlerima podeljenim u četiri grupe i trajao je 21 dan. Nakon četrnaestodnevnog pripremnog perioda ogledne grupe su hranjene hranom kontaminiranom ohratoksinom A u količini od 0.5; 1.0 i 1.5 ppm tokom 7 dana. Na kraju ogleda uzeti su uzorci krvi i tkiva za ispitivanja. Kod životinja koje su 7 dana dobijale količinu od 1.5 ppm OA patohistološkim pregledom bubrega uočava se da su promenama uglavnom zahvaćeni prokimalni bubrežni tubuli. Pojedine epitelne ćelije su mutne i nabubrele, što je dovelo do delimičnog ili potpunog suženja lumena bubrežnih tubula. Kod manjeg broja bubrežnih tubula zapaža se akutna tubularna nekroza u vidu sitnih ognjišta. Česta je pojava fragmentacije nekrotične mase, kao i nalaz svežih eritrocita. Aktivnost enzima LDH na kraju ogleda bila je signifikantno viša kod brojlera svih oglednih grupa u odnosu na kontrolnu grupu. Sve navedene činjenice ukazuju da intenzitet patohistoloških promena u bubregu zavisi od koncentracije ohratoksina A u hrani, pri čemu aktivnost enzima LDH može da posluži kao koristan parametar za procenjivanje stepena alteracija bubrega.