Influence of different glucocorticosteroid treatment regimens on pathohistological changes in hearts of rats poisoned with T-2 toxin

Abstract

In this study the protective effect of methylprednisolone (soluble form Lemod-solu® and depot form, Lemod-depo®) (40 mg/kg im) on pathohistological changes in hearts of Wistar rats poisoned with T-2 toxin (0.23 mg/kg sc) was examined. Pathohistological, quantitative and morphometric analysis was based on the haematoxylin and eosin (HE) method. Animals were sacrificed after the end of day 1, 3, 5 and 7 of the study. In the hearts of poisoned animals T-2 toxin caused massive, diffuse degenerative and vascular changes associated with gross necrotic areas. The described changes could be found only sporadically in poisoned rats protected with tested methylprednisolone formulation. The best protective effect was produced by the soluble form of methylprednisolone and the least one with a combination of both tested formulations of the drug. The pathohistological alterations in the methylprednisolone protected animals varied from parenchymatous dystrophy to hyaloid degeneration, hyperaemia and haemorrhages with mononuclear cell infiltration. These histological deformations of the myocardial architecture were focal. Based on these results, it could be concluded that methylprednisolone formulations, both short and long-acting ones, exert a significant protection of rat hearts from T-2 toxin- induced pathohistological changes.

U okviru ovog rada praćen je uticaj različitih oblika metilprednizolona (Lemod- solu® i Lemod-depo®) apikovanih u dozi od 40 mg/kg im na patohistološke promene u srcu Wistar pacova akutno trovanih citotoksičnim trihotecenskim mikotoksinom, T-2 toksinom (0.23 mg/kg sc). Patohistološka kvantitaivna i morfometrijska analiza histoloških preparata je vršena primenom nakon njihovog bojenja hematoksilin-eozinom (HE). Ispitivane životinje su žrtvovane 1, 3, 5. i 7. dana eksperimenta. U srcu trovanih pacova T-2 toksin je izazvao masivne, difuzne, degenerativne i vaskularne promene koje su bile okružene sa velikim nekrotičnim poljima. Opisane promene bile su najmanje izražene kod trovanih životinja koje su primale preparat Lemod-solu®. Ove fokalne patohistološke promene varirale su od parenhimatozne distrofije do hijaline degeneracije, hiperemije, hemoragija i mononuklearnog ćelijskog infiltrata. Kod malog broja ćelija citoplazma je bila razložena, a njihova jedra su imala normalan izgled ili su bila blago izdužena ili okrugla. Prisustvo bazofilnog, granuliranog ćelijskog detritusa moglo se uočiti na jednom polu malog broja miofibrila. Veoma je važno naglasiti da su ove promene normalne histološke arhitekture miokarda bile isključivo fokalnog karaktera. Na osnovu prikazanih rezultata može da se zaključi da metilprednizolonske formulacije - i kratko- i dugo delujuća proizvode značajne antidotske efekte kod pacova trovanih T-2 toksinom.