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Canine Dirofilaria Infections in Two Uninvestigated Areas of Serbia: Epidemiological and Genetic Aspects

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Authors
Tasić, Aleksandar
Tasic-Otasević, Suzana
Gabrielli, Simona
Miladinovic-Tasić, Nataša
Ignjatović, Aleksandra
Đorđević, Jovana
Dimitrijević, Sanda
Cancrini, Gabriella
Article (Published version)
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Abstract
In 2009 canine filarial infections were investigated in two northern areas of Serbia (Pancevo and Veliko Gradiste), applying morphometry, biochemical staining, and immunological kit to detect Dirofilaria immitis antigens, and two home-made ELISAs to detect antibodies to D. repens and D. immitis somatic/metabolic polyproteins. Moreover, molecular tools were applied to analyze the phylogenetic relationships of the isolates. The microfilariae detected in 21/122 dogs (17.2%) were identified as D. repens (n = 21) and D. immitis (n = 2). D. immitis antigens were found in another 13 animals with occult infection. All of the 15 heartworm-positive dogs also had antibodies to this parasite, which were detected in another 13 subjects, indicating an overall D. immitis seroprevalence rate of 22.9%. Serology for D. repens revealed evidence of antibodies in 42.6% of the dogs, but was negative for 4 microfilaremic dogs. As for the two different areas, the prevalence of microfilariae and/or D. immitis ...antigens, mainly due to D. repens microfilaremic animals, was not significantly higher in Veliko Gradiste (33.3%) than in Pancevo (22%). However, serology showed a different epidemiological picture. Heartworm infection occurred more often in both areas, and antibodies to dirofilarial nematodes were detected in 72.9% of dogs living in Pancevo, a rate higher than in those living in Veliko Gradiste (57.1%). No risk factors for infection were found, confirming the uselessness of prophylactic drugs against D. repens, and suggesting the presence in these areas of sunrise- or sunset-biting mosquitoes as important vectors. The results indicate the need for both appropriate entomological studies and further research on the intra-species variability shown by D. repens.

Keywords:
Dirofilaria / Epidemiology / Genetics / Serbia
Source:
Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases, 2012, 12, 12, 1031-1035
Publisher:
  • Mary Ann Liebert Inc, New Rochelle
Projects:
  • Detection of early laboratory fungal biomarkers and it's importance for outcome of invasive fungal infections in Serbia (RS-175034)

DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2011.0949

ISSN: 1530-3667

PubMed: 23127188

WoS: 000312492800004

Scopus: 2-s2.0-84871221060
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URI
http://vet-erinar.vet.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/902
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  • Radovi istraživača / Researcher's publications
Institution
Fakultet veterinarske medicine

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