Investigation of aflatoxin M1 degradation in milk

Abstract

Aflatoxin M1 is a highly toxic 4-hydroxylated metabolite of aflatoxins B1 and B2. It is one of the most potent hepatocarcinogens, mutagens, teratogens and immunosuppressors. Feed is often contaminated with aflatoxigenic moulds and aflatoxins with a high possibility of contaminating milk and dairy products with aflatoxin M1. Samples of artificially contaminated milk were exposed to the effects of physical conditions (temperature of -18oC and for microwaves in a microwave oven), time (during the period from 1 to 12 months) and a combination of the above mentioned conditions. Following this, levels of aflatoxin M1 degradation were established by using the ELISA method. An insignificant decrease in concentration of toxin was observed which indicates that a temperature of -18°C does not significantly influence the concentration of aflatoxin M1 in the artificially contaminated milk. At the same time, treatment of milk with microwaves in a microwave oven showed an insignificant influence on the percentage of aflatoxin M1 absorbance.

Aflatoksin M1 je veoma toksičan metabolit aflatoksina B1 i B2. S obzirom na to da je jedan od najpotentnijih hepatokarcinogena, mutagena, teratogena i imunosupresora, a hrana za životinje često bude kontaminirana aflatoksinogenim gljivicama i aflatoksinima, moguća je i kontaminacija mlijeka i mliječnih proizvoda aflatoksinom M1. Vještački kontaminirano mlijeko aflatoksinom M1 je bilo podvrgnuto uticaju fizikalnih procesa (uticaj niske temperature od -18oC i izlaganja mikrotalasima u mikrotalasnoj rerni), te uticaju vremena držanja (od 1 do 12 mjeseci), kao i uticaju kombinacija navedenih postupaka, nakon čega je praćen nivo degradacije aflatoksina M1. Uzorci vještački kontaminiranog mlijeka, nakon pojedinačno provedenih postupaka su podvrgavani istraživanjima uz korištenje ELISA metode. Primjećeno je neznatno smanjenje koncentracije toksina, što ukazuje na to da vrijeme i temperatura od -18°C ne utiču znatnije na koncentraciju aflatoksina M1 u vještački kontaminiranom sirovom mlijeku, dok postupak tretiranja mlijeka mikrotalasima u mikrotalasnoj rerni nije značajnije uticao na postotak apsorbance aflatoksina M1.