Biodiversity and traditional sheep grazing in the south Banat region

Abstract

In this paper the capacity for reintroduction of traditional sheep breeds as key resources for biodiversity conservation systems in HNV farming system of the South Banat region was analyzed. Taking the vulnerability of the ecosystem into consideration when creating the optimal grazing system based on traditional rearing breeds, can contribute to the protection of biodiversity in the South Banat region. The representatives of Fabaceae, Poaceae, Lamiaceae, Rosaceae and Apiaceae family were described. Basic nutritive components of pasture and mixed hay: crude moisture, crude ash, crude protein, crude fat, crude cellulose, calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), phosphorous (P), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn) and zinc (Zn) were measured. Botanical analysis has confirmed the presence of plant diversity, as well as the nutritive value of sheep pastures. Chemical analyses of samples pointed out that the levels of crude proteins, cellulose, fats, macro and trace elements are sufficient to satisfy the requirements of low input sheep farming system and therefore can be considered a solid base for reintroduction of autochthonous sheep breeds in the peripheral parts of the Deliblato Sands area.

Imajući u vidu osetljivost ekosistema, primena izbalansirane ispaše, bazirana na gajenju autohtonih rasa ovaca mogla bi da doprinese očuvanju biodiverziteta. U ovom radu ispitivane su mogućnosti za reintrodukciju tradicionalnih rasa ovaca, kao ključnog resursa za zaštitu biodiverziteta u okviru poljoprivrednih sistema visoke prirodne vrednosti južnobanatskog regiona. U tom cilju ispitivan je botanički sastav i hranljiva vrednost paše i mešanog sena sa područja južnog Banata. Utvrđeno je prisustvo familija: Fabaceae, Poaceae, Lamiaceae, Rosaceae i Apiaceae. Određen je sadržaj osnovnih hranljivih materija u mešovitom senu i paši: vlaga, pepeo, proteini, mast i celuloza. Takođe je utvrđen sadržaj Ca, Mg, P, Cu, Fe, Mn i Zn. Utvrđeni nivo štetnih materija (mikotoksina i pesticida) bio je u propisanim granicama. Botanički sastav je pokazao visok stepen diverziteta kao i visoku hranljivu vrednost biljaka, koja može u potpunosti da zadovolji potrebe ovaca u ekstenzivnom načinu gajenja i predstavlja dobru osnovu za reintrodukciju autohtonih rasa ovaca na rubnim delovima Deliblatske peščare.