V. cordis magna kod tekunice (Citellus citellus)

Abstract

Tekunica je sisar iz reda glodara. To je veoma ljupka životinja dužine tela oko 20 cm, malenih ušiju i krupnih očiju. Telesna masa kreće se od 200-300 grama. Trbušna strana je smeđe-sive boje, a leđna nešto svetlije boje. Njen izgled karakteriše poza "svećice", kada životinja sedi na zadnjim nogama i uspravljenog trupa osmatra okolinu. Tekunica je prezimar, živi u kolonijama i spada u "Prirodne retkosti", zbog čega je predložena za crvenu knjigu faune Republike Srbije. Za ispitivanje upotrebljeno je 7 tekunica. Posle iskrvavljenja životinja, u krvne sudove su ubrizgana različita kontrastna sredstva, želatin obojen slikarskom temperom ili minijumom. V. cordis magna je posle toga preparisana i slikana. V. cordis magna kod tekunice odvodi vensku krv iz zida srca. Pruža se kranijalno duž kružnog žleba (Sulcus coronarius) prema Truncus pulmonalis, pokrivena levom uškom (Auricula sinistra). Iz kružnog žleba (Sulcus coronarius) spušta se duž Sulcus interventricularis obliquus, koji se nalazi između desne i leve komore, prema vrhu srca. U toku pružanja daje grane koje odvode krv iz bočnog zida leve pretkomore, Conus arteriosus-a, bočnih zidova leve i desne komore i međukomorne pregrade. V. cordis magna se uliva u levu kranijalnu šuplju venu (V. cava cranialis sinistra) u blizini kaudalnog dela leve uške (Auricula sinistra). V.cordis magna, osim kod tekunice postoji kod čoveka, domaćih životinja, malog zelenog majmuna, pacova i kanadske lasice. Razlikuje se u odnosu na slepo kuče, kod koga postoji V. cordis sinistra, koja se razgranjava na veći broj grančica, koje se pružaju kranijalno i kaudalno u zidu leve srčane komore.

The ground squirrel is a mammal of the order of rodents. It is very lovely animal, lenght about 20 cm, small ears and large eyes. Body weight is between 200 and 300 grams. Abdominal side is brown-gray, and dorsal slightly lighter in colour. Its apearance is characterized pose "candle" when it is sitting on hind limbs and erect of body observing the environment. The ground squirrel hibernate during winter months, lives in colonies and one of the "Natural rarities" which therefore proposed for the red book fauna of Serbia. The investigation was performed on seven ground squirrels. After bleeding out, various contrast agents (gelatin stained with painting tempere and minium) were injected into the blood vessels. Photographs of the V. cordis magna were taken after preparation. In the ground squirrel, V. cordis magna receives blood from the wall of the heart. It runs along the coronary groove (Sulcus coronarius) toward the pulmonal trunk (Truncus pulmonalis), covered by left auricle (Auricula sinistra). Than, V. cordis magna descends toward the apex of the heart through the Sulcus interventricularis obliquus, which lies between left and right ventricle. Its branches evacuate blood from the lateral wall of the left atrium, Conus arteriosus, walls of both ventricles and from the interventricular septum. V. cordis magna empty into the left cranial vena cava (V. cava cranialis sinistra) near the caudal part of the left auricle. V cordis magna, except for the ground squirrel, found in the rat, domestic animals, small green monkey, mink and humans, but was not found in the molle rat. In this animal V. cordis sinistra receives blood from the walls of the left ventricle and left atrium and empty into the left cranial vena cava.