Biotechnological solutions for the growth stimulation of broilers

Abstract

"Biotechnology" is a term that includes the complementary use of biology and technology in livestock production. In order to managed to maintain, feed industry, because of the more significant changes in habitual and edible habits of the people, as well as new regulatory requirements, should respect the opinion of the consumer and try to offer a safe animal products whose production does not pollute the environment. As a basic tool of biotechnology during the past decade has imposed the introduction of alternative solutions that are intended to improve feed efficiency and consequently improve production results of farmed animals. In order to stimulate growth in broilers, commonly have been used enzymes, chelating forms of trace elements and in recent years more attention is paid to the use of probiotics. The aim of the adding the enzyme is addition to activity of endogenous enzymes of animals, elimination of anti nutritional factors, increasing energy and nutritional value of feed and decreasing the excretion of less usable nutrients in the environment. Today of practical importance are enzymes of NSP and cellulolytic complex, protease, amylase and phytase. Our trials have shown that the use of amylase allows the use of meals with lower energy content (5%) with no negative impact on performance and also lowers the value of consumed feed per kilogram of gain. Use of phytase in the quantity of 1000FU/kg can replace about 30% of the total, or 50% of available phosphorus in diets for broilers without significant changes of production results. Probiotics are ecological way of control pathogenic bacteria and the ability to stimulate the growth by using physiological potentials and mechanisms of animals. The results of our research with the use of different bacterial cultures have shown the positive effects on weight gain with less consumption of feed and consequently better feed conversion. Beside the inorganic forms of minerals today are increasingly used socalled "chelating" forms, or organically bound trace elements. It was observed that the minerals associated with the amino acid or peptide is better protected during the passage through the stomach to the site of absorption than inorganic salts. Results obtained in testing of using organically bound selenium pointed to the positive impact on the increase in carcass weight and meat yield of broilers that received chelating form of selenium. Summing up the obtained results of investigations that have been carried out, we are able to draw the conclusion that the use of growth promoters as a biotechnology solution in broilers diet has its nutritional, medical and economic justification.