MMA syndrome in swine

Abstract

The so-called swine civilization disease, also known as the MMA syndrome, implies good housing conditions and primarily a good diet. It occurs in highly productive swine breeds, and it does not occur in primitive breeds or in free-range swine production. Coprostasis which is present because of a subatantial diet occurs just before delivery of piglets. As a result of the altered conditions resulting from the appearance of coprostasis, the normal saprophytic microflora becomes pathogenic causing toxemia and bacteriemia which lead to puerperal diseases known as the metritis-mastitis-agalactia (MMA) syndrome. This disease is characterized by inflammation of the mammary gland (mastitis), the uterus (metritis), and reduced and suspended milk secretion (agalactia). The most recent data in literature indicate the complex etiology of this disease which involves infection with coliform bacteria, stress and hormonal disbalance.

Bolest "svinjske civilizacije", kako se još naziva MMA sindrom, podrazumeva dobre uslove smeštaja i prvenstveno dobru ishranu. Javlja se kod visoko produktivnih rasa svinja, ne javlja se kod primitivnih rasa i kod svinja u slobodnom držanju, Koprostaza koja je prisutna zbog obilne ishrane javlja se neposredno pred porođaj. Normalna saprofitska mikroflora zbog promenjenih uslova do kojih je dovelo pojavljivanje koprostaze, postaje patogena izazivajući toksemiju i bakterijemiju koje uzrokuju puerperalna oboljenja poznata kao metritis-mastitis-agalaktija (MMA) sindrom. Ovu bolest karakteriše zapaljenje mlečne žlezde (mastitis), uterusa (metritis) i smanjenje i prekid sekrecije mleka (agalactia). Novija literatura ukazuje na kompleksnu etiologiju ovog oboljenja u koju je uključena infekcija izazvana koliformnim bakterijama, stres i hormonski disbalans.