Antimicrobial prophylaxis in addition to premedication in gastrointestinal surgery

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate three combinations of antibiotics applied perorally prior to laparotomy and gastrointestinal surgery and to select the most favorable combination. Research was performed on 24 female and male dogs divided into four groups. Following abdominal wall incision the caecum was compressed manually and 5 mL of saline solution was injected into it. Five mL of caecum contents was aspirated in a sterile syringe and only 0.1 mL was incubated into blood agar and homogenous agar. Bacterial colonies were counted and determined. Prior to surgery the control group (n=6) received no antibiotics. The group which received the combination of gentamicin and clindamycin (n=6) achieved the best reduction of E. coli whereas Enterococcus faecals was 100% destroyed. The group which received amoxicillin with clavulanic acid and metronidazole (n=6) acquired a reduction of bacteria Enterococcus faecalis, which could be sufficient for prophylaxis. The combination of gentamicin and erythromycin (n=6) failed to accomplish a reduction of the number of bacteria.

Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je da se procene tri kombinacije antibiotika primenjenih peroralno pre laparotomije i gastrointestinalne hirurgije i da se odredi najefi kasnija kombinacija. Istraživanje na psima je izvedeno na 24 mužjaka i ženke podeljene u četiri grupe. Nakon incizije abdominalnog zida slepo crevo je pritisnuto i ubrizgano je 5 mL fi ziološkog rastvora u njega. Pet mL sadržaja slepog creva je aspirirano u sterilne injekcione špriceve, od čega je samo 0,1 mL inkubiran na krvni i homogeni agar. Nakon toga su prebrojane i determinisane bakterijske kolonije. Pre hirurškog zahvata kontrolna grupa (n=6) nije primila antibiotik. U grupi koja je primila kombinaciju gentamicina i klindamicina (n=6) ostvareno je najveće smanjenje broja E. coli, dok je Enterococcus faecalis uništen u 100% efektu. U grupi koja je primila amoksicilin - klavulansku kiselinu i metronidazol (n=6) ostvareno je smanjenje broja bakterije Enterococcus faecalis, što bi moglo da bude dovoljno za profi laksu. Kombinacija gentamicina i eritromicina (n=6) nije ostvarila zadovoljavajuće rezultate.