TY  - JOUR
AU  - Petrujkić, Tihomir
AU  - Kukolj, Vladimir
AU  - Petrujkić, Branko
AU  - Stanković, Branislav
PY  - 2012
UR  - https://vet-erinar.vet.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/947
AB  - This paper presents a case of udder actinomicotic granuloma in high-pregnant sows, which was surgically treated. The sow is from a private pig farm in eastern Serbia. Landrace sows, about 3 years old, weighing about 200 kg, it is normal eating and behaving normally. During the first examination, the mammary gland tumor was established, in the size of a fist. In another review, 81 days after mating the sow, the tumor was the size of the balloon of 5 liters. The tumor was surgically removed, and a sample was sent for histopathological diagnosis. The clinical picture and histopathological findings confirmed chronic purulent-granulomatous actinomicotic inflammation of the mammary gland. The postoperative course was uneventful. The sow farroved 6 live piglets, 32 days after surgery (113 days gestation). All 6 piglets are weaned after 6 weeks. After weaning the litter, sows were surgically ovariectomised. The metastatic formations was not observed. Applied surgical procedure and postoperative treatment, show that the surgical treatment of mammary tumors can be successfully applied in practice.
AB  - O ovom radu je opisan slučaj aktinomikotičnog granuloma kod visoko gravidne krmače, koja je hirurški tretirana. Krmača rase Landras, stara oko 3 godine i telesne mase oko 200 kg, je vlasništvo jedne privatne farme u istočnoj Srbiji. Krmača je normalno jela i manifestovala normalno ponašanje. Kod prvog pregleda, tumor je bio veličine pesnice, a kod drugog, 81 dan posle parenja, tumor je bio veličine 5 litara. Pregledom je dijagnostikovana purulentna granulomatozno-aktinomikotična inflamacija mlečne žlezde. Ova dijagnoza je potvrđena histopatološkim pregledom. Ovaj slučaj pokazuje da je moguće uspešno odstraniti mamarni tumor krmače u kasnoj gravidnosti. Primenjena hirurška procedura i kasniji tretman pokazuju da mogu biti dobra praktična metoda u saniranju mamarnog tumora krmače. Posle 6 nedelja, krmača je oprasila 6 prasadi, a zatim je bila kastrirana. Uočenu su promene koje ukazuju na pojavu metastaza. .
PB  - Univerzitet u Novom Sadu - Poljoprivredni fakultet, Novi Sad i Naučni institut za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo, Novi Sad
T2  - Savremena poljoprivreda
T1  - Actinomycotic granuloma in highly pregnant sow: Case report
T1  - Aktinomikotični granulom kod visoko gravidne krmače - prikaz slučaja
VL  - 61
IS  - 1-2
SP  - 153
EP  - 157
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_2927
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Petrujkić, Tihomir and Kukolj, Vladimir and Petrujkić, Branko and Stanković, Branislav",
year = "2012",
abstract = "This paper presents a case of udder actinomicotic granuloma in high-pregnant sows, which was surgically treated. The sow is from a private pig farm in eastern Serbia. Landrace sows, about 3 years old, weighing about 200 kg, it is normal eating and behaving normally. During the first examination, the mammary gland tumor was established, in the size of a fist. In another review, 81 days after mating the sow, the tumor was the size of the balloon of 5 liters. The tumor was surgically removed, and a sample was sent for histopathological diagnosis. The clinical picture and histopathological findings confirmed chronic purulent-granulomatous actinomicotic inflammation of the mammary gland. The postoperative course was uneventful. The sow farroved 6 live piglets, 32 days after surgery (113 days gestation). All 6 piglets are weaned after 6 weeks. After weaning the litter, sows were surgically ovariectomised. The metastatic formations was not observed. Applied surgical procedure and postoperative treatment, show that the surgical treatment of mammary tumors can be successfully applied in practice., O ovom radu je opisan slučaj aktinomikotičnog granuloma kod visoko gravidne krmače, koja je hirurški tretirana. Krmača rase Landras, stara oko 3 godine i telesne mase oko 200 kg, je vlasništvo jedne privatne farme u istočnoj Srbiji. Krmača je normalno jela i manifestovala normalno ponašanje. Kod prvog pregleda, tumor je bio veličine pesnice, a kod drugog, 81 dan posle parenja, tumor je bio veličine 5 litara. Pregledom je dijagnostikovana purulentna granulomatozno-aktinomikotična inflamacija mlečne žlezde. Ova dijagnoza je potvrđena histopatološkim pregledom. Ovaj slučaj pokazuje da je moguće uspešno odstraniti mamarni tumor krmače u kasnoj gravidnosti. Primenjena hirurška procedura i kasniji tretman pokazuju da mogu biti dobra praktična metoda u saniranju mamarnog tumora krmače. Posle 6 nedelja, krmača je oprasila 6 prasadi, a zatim je bila kastrirana. Uočenu su promene koje ukazuju na pojavu metastaza. .",
publisher = "Univerzitet u Novom Sadu - Poljoprivredni fakultet, Novi Sad i Naučni institut za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo, Novi Sad",
journal = "Savremena poljoprivreda",
title = "Actinomycotic granuloma in highly pregnant sow: Case report, Aktinomikotični granulom kod visoko gravidne krmače - prikaz slučaja",
volume = "61",
number = "1-2",
pages = "153-157",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_2927"
}

Petrujkić, T., Kukolj, V., Petrujkić, B.,& Stanković, B.. (2012). Actinomycotic granuloma in highly pregnant sow: Case report. in Savremena poljoprivreda
Univerzitet u Novom Sadu - Poljoprivredni fakultet, Novi Sad i Naučni institut za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo, Novi Sad., 61(1-2), 153-157.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_2927

Petrujkić T, Kukolj V, Petrujkić B, Stanković B. Actinomycotic granuloma in highly pregnant sow: Case report. in Savremena poljoprivreda. 2012;61(1-2):153-157.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_2927 .

Petrujkić, Tihomir, Kukolj, Vladimir, Petrujkić, Branko, Stanković, Branislav, "Actinomycotic granuloma in highly pregnant sow: Case report" in Savremena poljoprivreda, 61, no. 1-2 (2012):153-157,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_2927 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stanković, B.
AU  - Hristov, Slavča
AU  - Petrujkić, Branko
AU  - Delić, N.
AU  - Maksimović, N.
AU  - Bojkovski, Jovan
PY  - 2012
UR  - https://vet-erinar.vet.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/907
AB  - The aim of this study was to find out is it possible to presume success of boars sperm cryopreservation, based on controlled exposure to heat stress and to investigate in vitro quality parameters of frozen/thawed sperm of previously selected 6 boars with good results (group 1) and 6 boars (group 2) with bad results on thermo resistance test (TT). In this investigation, ejaculates of 12 chosen of 75 AI boars (Landrace, Large White, Pietrain and Durock breeds) from SVC Velika Plana (Serbia) were used. Tolerance to heat stress was performed by Schaetz (1963) method. Ejaculates were extended with Androhep plus (1:1) and kept during 60 minutes on 41oC. In cryopreservation of boars semen Westendorf et al. (1975) method, modified by Bwanga et al. (1990). Very significant changes of progressive motility rate were observed after spermatozoa exposure to controlled thermal stress. High correlation coefficient of progressive motility rate of both groups of boars, but higher in group 2 for progressive motility rate after thawing and after heat stress treatment was established. Average progressive motility rate of all 12 boars did not differ before and after thawing. Presence of boars of all breeds represented in the SVC (Large White, Landrace, Duroc and Pietrain) in both quality groups confirms the assumption that suitability for cryopreservation of sperm is individual trait. According data analysis, sperm deep freezing success requires previous selection for potential donors, which have to be consider standard quality parameters testing and controlled stress exposure tests.
AB  - Cilj rada je da se ustanovi da li moguće odrediti da li je sperma nerasta pogodna za krioprezervaciju da se na osnovu izlaganja spermatozioda kontrolisanom toplotnom stresu i da se ispitaju in vitro parametri kvaliteta odmrznutog semena dve grupe od po 6 nerastova čije je seme dobro (1. grupa) ili loše podnelo toplotni stres (2. grupa). U istraživanju su korišćeni ejakulati 12 od 75 nerastova rasa: landras, veliki jorkšir, pijetren i durok (L, J, P, D) iz SVC Velika Plana, odabranih na osnovu testa termorezistencije (TT) i svrstanih u dve kvalitetne grupe. Ispitivanje stepena termorezistencije ejakulata u razređenju Androhep-om plus 1:1 60 minuta na 41 oC, je izvedeno metodom po Schaetz-u (1963). Duboko zamrzavanje sperme odabranih nerastova izvedeno modifikovanim postupkom po Westendorf-u i sar. (1975) i Bwanga-i i sar. (1990). Rezultati TT ukazali su na vrlo značajne promene progresivne pokretljivosti spermatozoida posle izlaganja kontrolisanom toplotnom stresu. Ustanovljen je visok koeficijent korelacije kod obe grupe ali ipak nešto viši kod nerastova 2. grupe za odnos procenta progresivne pokretljivosti spermatozoida posle odmrzavanja i progresivne pokretljivosti posle izlaganja temperaturi od 41oC. Prosečna progresivna pokretljivost spermatozoida svih ispitivanih nerastova se nije značajno razlikovala pre i posle zamrzavanja. Slučajni raspored nerastova svih rasa zastupljenih u SVC (Jorkšir, Landras, Durok i Pijetren) u obe kvalitetne grupe potvrđuje pretpostavku da je pogodnost sperme za krioprezervaciju individualna osobina. Za uspešnu krioprezervaciju sperme nerastova je neophodna prethodna selekcija potencijalnih donora na osnovu rezultata ispitivanja standardnih parametara kvaliteta i testova u kojima se spermatozoidi in vitro izlažu različitim kontrolisanom stresu.
PB  - Institut za stočarstvo, Beograd
T2  - Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry
T1  - Resistance to controlled thermal stress and tolerance to sperm cryopreservation of two groups of boars
T1  - Otpornost na kontrolisani termalni stres i tolerancija na zamrzavanje spermatozoida dve grupe nerastova
VL  - 28
IS  - 1
SP  - 59
EP  - 66
DO  - 10.2298/BAH1201059S
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Stanković, B. and Hristov, Slavča and Petrujkić, Branko and Delić, N. and Maksimović, N. and Bojkovski, Jovan",
year = "2012",
abstract = "The aim of this study was to find out is it possible to presume success of boars sperm cryopreservation, based on controlled exposure to heat stress and to investigate in vitro quality parameters of frozen/thawed sperm of previously selected 6 boars with good results (group 1) and 6 boars (group 2) with bad results on thermo resistance test (TT). In this investigation, ejaculates of 12 chosen of 75 AI boars (Landrace, Large White, Pietrain and Durock breeds) from SVC Velika Plana (Serbia) were used. Tolerance to heat stress was performed by Schaetz (1963) method. Ejaculates were extended with Androhep plus (1:1) and kept during 60 minutes on 41oC. In cryopreservation of boars semen Westendorf et al. (1975) method, modified by Bwanga et al. (1990). Very significant changes of progressive motility rate were observed after spermatozoa exposure to controlled thermal stress. High correlation coefficient of progressive motility rate of both groups of boars, but higher in group 2 for progressive motility rate after thawing and after heat stress treatment was established. Average progressive motility rate of all 12 boars did not differ before and after thawing. Presence of boars of all breeds represented in the SVC (Large White, Landrace, Duroc and Pietrain) in both quality groups confirms the assumption that suitability for cryopreservation of sperm is individual trait. According data analysis, sperm deep freezing success requires previous selection for potential donors, which have to be consider standard quality parameters testing and controlled stress exposure tests., Cilj rada je da se ustanovi da li moguće odrediti da li je sperma nerasta pogodna za krioprezervaciju da se na osnovu izlaganja spermatozioda kontrolisanom toplotnom stresu i da se ispitaju in vitro parametri kvaliteta odmrznutog semena dve grupe od po 6 nerastova čije je seme dobro (1. grupa) ili loše podnelo toplotni stres (2. grupa). U istraživanju su korišćeni ejakulati 12 od 75 nerastova rasa: landras, veliki jorkšir, pijetren i durok (L, J, P, D) iz SVC Velika Plana, odabranih na osnovu testa termorezistencije (TT) i svrstanih u dve kvalitetne grupe. Ispitivanje stepena termorezistencije ejakulata u razređenju Androhep-om plus 1:1 60 minuta na 41 oC, je izvedeno metodom po Schaetz-u (1963). Duboko zamrzavanje sperme odabranih nerastova izvedeno modifikovanim postupkom po Westendorf-u i sar. (1975) i Bwanga-i i sar. (1990). Rezultati TT ukazali su na vrlo značajne promene progresivne pokretljivosti spermatozoida posle izlaganja kontrolisanom toplotnom stresu. Ustanovljen je visok koeficijent korelacije kod obe grupe ali ipak nešto viši kod nerastova 2. grupe za odnos procenta progresivne pokretljivosti spermatozoida posle odmrzavanja i progresivne pokretljivosti posle izlaganja temperaturi od 41oC. Prosečna progresivna pokretljivost spermatozoida svih ispitivanih nerastova se nije značajno razlikovala pre i posle zamrzavanja. Slučajni raspored nerastova svih rasa zastupljenih u SVC (Jorkšir, Landras, Durok i Pijetren) u obe kvalitetne grupe potvrđuje pretpostavku da je pogodnost sperme za krioprezervaciju individualna osobina. Za uspešnu krioprezervaciju sperme nerastova je neophodna prethodna selekcija potencijalnih donora na osnovu rezultata ispitivanja standardnih parametara kvaliteta i testova u kojima se spermatozoidi in vitro izlažu različitim kontrolisanom stresu.",
publisher = "Institut za stočarstvo, Beograd",
journal = "Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry",
title = "Resistance to controlled thermal stress and tolerance to sperm cryopreservation of two groups of boars, Otpornost na kontrolisani termalni stres i tolerancija na zamrzavanje spermatozoida dve grupe nerastova",
volume = "28",
number = "1",
pages = "59-66",
doi = "10.2298/BAH1201059S"
}

Stanković, B., Hristov, S., Petrujkić, B., Delić, N., Maksimović, N.,& Bojkovski, J.. (2012). Resistance to controlled thermal stress and tolerance to sperm cryopreservation of two groups of boars. in Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry
Institut za stočarstvo, Beograd., 28(1), 59-66.
https://doi.org/10.2298/BAH1201059S

Stanković B, Hristov S, Petrujkić B, Delić N, Maksimović N, Bojkovski J. Resistance to controlled thermal stress and tolerance to sperm cryopreservation of two groups of boars. in Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry. 2012;28(1):59-66.
doi:10.2298/BAH1201059S .

Stanković, B., Hristov, Slavča, Petrujkić, Branko, Delić, N., Maksimović, N., Bojkovski, Jovan, "Resistance to controlled thermal stress and tolerance to sperm cryopreservation of two groups of boars" in Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry, 28, no. 1 (2012):59-66,
https://doi.org/10.2298/BAH1201059S . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bojkovski, Jovan
AU  - Petrujkić, Tihomir
AU  - Mirilović, Milorad
AU  - Relić, Renata
AU  - Stanković, Branko
AU  - Savić, Božidar
PY  - 2011
UR  - https://vet-erinar.vet.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/841
AB  - The planned use of biosecurity measures, a high level of welfare and good manufacturing practices are critical for the health of cattle and pigs in intensive production. The required level of biosecurity on cattle and pig farms is the result of logical decisions and timely action taken in a specific epidemiological situation, recognizing the threats from the environment and the weak points in the production process. In this sense, the introduction of the principles of HACCP and sanitation protocols enable preventive of introduction and spread of infectious agents in the herd, while the farm biosecurity plan is the key factor in disease prevention, prevention of unwanted situations and performance improvement. According to results of cytogenetic blood testing of cattle and pigs on farms in Serbia, showed in this paper, a substantial percentage of cows have a change in the structure and number of chromosomes. Cytogenetic tests allow the detection of carriers of hereditary anomalies and may be indicators of environmental pollution, especially animal feed. For these reasons, our recommendation is that industrial-type farm, and the Centers for reproduction and artificial insemination, approaches using the results of cytogenetic testing and their involvement in biosecurity plans.
AB  - Planska primena biosigurnosnih mera, visok nivo dobrobiti i dobra proizvođačka praksa presudni su za zaštitu zdravlja goveda i svinja u intenzivnoj proizvodnji. Potreban nivo biosigurnosti na farmama goveda i svinja predstavlja rezultat logičnih rešenja i pravovremeno preduzetih aktivnosti u konkretnoj epidemiološkoj situaciji, sa prepoznavanjem pretnji iz okruženja i slabih tačaka u tehnološkom procesu proizvodnje. U tom smislu, uvođenjem principa HACCP-a i protokola sanitacije sprečava se unošenje i širenje infektivnih agenasa u zapatu, dok je plan biosigurnosti na farmi ključni u prevenciji bolesti, sprečavanju neželjenih situacija i unapređenju poslovanja. U ovom radu prikazan je deo rezultata citogenetičkih ispitivanja krvi goveda i svinja na farmama u Srbiji, prema kojima znatan procenat ispitivanih životinja poseduje promene u strukturi i broju hromozoma. Citogenetička ispitivanja omogućavaju otkrivanje nosilaca naslednih anomalija a mogu da budu pokazatelji zagađenja životne sredine, posebno hrane za životinje. Iz tih razloga, naša preporuka je da farme industrijskog tipa, kao i centri za reprodukciju i veštačko osemenjavanje, pristupe korišćenju rezultata citogenetičkih ispitivanja i njihovom uključivanju u planove biosigurnosti.
PB  - Institut PKB Agroekonomik, Padinska skela
T2  - Zbornik naučnih radova Instituta PKB Agroekonomik
T1  - Cytogenetic methods as a part of biosecurity plans on cattle and pig farms
T1  - Citogenetičke metode kao deo planova biosigurnosti na farmama goveda i svinja
VL  - 17
IS  - 3-4
SP  - 121
EP  - 131
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_2579
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Bojkovski, Jovan and Petrujkić, Tihomir and Mirilović, Milorad and Relić, Renata and Stanković, Branko and Savić, Božidar",
year = "2011",
abstract = "The planned use of biosecurity measures, a high level of welfare and good manufacturing practices are critical for the health of cattle and pigs in intensive production. The required level of biosecurity on cattle and pig farms is the result of logical decisions and timely action taken in a specific epidemiological situation, recognizing the threats from the environment and the weak points in the production process. In this sense, the introduction of the principles of HACCP and sanitation protocols enable preventive of introduction and spread of infectious agents in the herd, while the farm biosecurity plan is the key factor in disease prevention, prevention of unwanted situations and performance improvement. According to results of cytogenetic blood testing of cattle and pigs on farms in Serbia, showed in this paper, a substantial percentage of cows have a change in the structure and number of chromosomes. Cytogenetic tests allow the detection of carriers of hereditary anomalies and may be indicators of environmental pollution, especially animal feed. For these reasons, our recommendation is that industrial-type farm, and the Centers for reproduction and artificial insemination, approaches using the results of cytogenetic testing and their involvement in biosecurity plans., Planska primena biosigurnosnih mera, visok nivo dobrobiti i dobra proizvođačka praksa presudni su za zaštitu zdravlja goveda i svinja u intenzivnoj proizvodnji. Potreban nivo biosigurnosti na farmama goveda i svinja predstavlja rezultat logičnih rešenja i pravovremeno preduzetih aktivnosti u konkretnoj epidemiološkoj situaciji, sa prepoznavanjem pretnji iz okruženja i slabih tačaka u tehnološkom procesu proizvodnje. U tom smislu, uvođenjem principa HACCP-a i protokola sanitacije sprečava se unošenje i širenje infektivnih agenasa u zapatu, dok je plan biosigurnosti na farmi ključni u prevenciji bolesti, sprečavanju neželjenih situacija i unapređenju poslovanja. U ovom radu prikazan je deo rezultata citogenetičkih ispitivanja krvi goveda i svinja na farmama u Srbiji, prema kojima znatan procenat ispitivanih životinja poseduje promene u strukturi i broju hromozoma. Citogenetička ispitivanja omogućavaju otkrivanje nosilaca naslednih anomalija a mogu da budu pokazatelji zagađenja životne sredine, posebno hrane za životinje. Iz tih razloga, naša preporuka je da farme industrijskog tipa, kao i centri za reprodukciju i veštačko osemenjavanje, pristupe korišćenju rezultata citogenetičkih ispitivanja i njihovom uključivanju u planove biosigurnosti.",
publisher = "Institut PKB Agroekonomik, Padinska skela",
journal = "Zbornik naučnih radova Instituta PKB Agroekonomik",
title = "Cytogenetic methods as a part of biosecurity plans on cattle and pig farms, Citogenetičke metode kao deo planova biosigurnosti na farmama goveda i svinja",
volume = "17",
number = "3-4",
pages = "121-131",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_2579"
}

Bojkovski, J., Petrujkić, T., Mirilović, M., Relić, R., Stanković, B.,& Savić, B.. (2011). Cytogenetic methods as a part of biosecurity plans on cattle and pig farms. in Zbornik naučnih radova Instituta PKB Agroekonomik
Institut PKB Agroekonomik, Padinska skela., 17(3-4), 121-131.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_2579

Bojkovski J, Petrujkić T, Mirilović M, Relić R, Stanković B, Savić B. Cytogenetic methods as a part of biosecurity plans on cattle and pig farms. in Zbornik naučnih radova Instituta PKB Agroekonomik. 2011;17(3-4):121-131.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_2579 .

Bojkovski, Jovan, Petrujkić, Tihomir, Mirilović, Milorad, Relić, Renata, Stanković, Branko, Savić, Božidar, "Cytogenetic methods as a part of biosecurity plans on cattle and pig farms" in Zbornik naučnih radova Instituta PKB Agroekonomik, 17, no. 3-4 (2011):121-131,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_2579 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stanković, B.
AU  - Hristov, Slavča
AU  - Petrujkić, Tihomir
AU  - Bojkovski, Jovan
AU  - Maksimović, N.
AU  - Delić, N.
PY  - 2011
UR  - https://vet-erinar.vet.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/768
AB  - This paper gives a detailed analysis of the applied biosecurity measures in the production of boar sperm at a swine reproduction center. Biosecurity indicators (existence of a written biosecurity plan, isolation, introduction of newly acquired animals into the herd, herd health, assessment of the personnel attitude towards equipment, traffic control, attitude towards visitors, feeding and watering control, manure management, disposal of dead animal carcasses, attitude towards other animals, rodents and birds control, sanitation) were viewed and evaluated by rating scale: (5) - excellent, (4) - very good, (3) - good, (2) - sufficient, (1) - insufficient, there are resources for improvement (0) - insufficient, with no resources for improvement. Obtained data were analyzed in the SWOT process, taking into account all the strengths, weaknesses, threats and opportunities for improving the biosecurity level. The situation in the center is rated as very good, with an average rating of 4.15. However, one disadvantage is serious and related to the boar facilities isolation possibilities, taking into account their location and the presence of two types of male breeding animals (boars and bulls) in the same location. Newly acquired breeding animals are purchased from various sources, but with a rigorous regime of control and not at the same time.
AB  - U radu je detaljno analizirana primena biosigurnosnih mera u proizvodnji sperme nerastova u jednom centru za veštačko osemenjavanje svinja. Sagledani su i procenjeni svi indikatori biosigurnosti (postojanje pisanog plana biosigurnosti, izolacija, uvođenje novonabavljenih životinja u zapat, zdravstveni status zapata, ocena odnosa osoblja prema opremi, kontrola kretanja i prometa, odnos prema posetiocima, kontrola ishrane i vodosnabdevanja, izđubravanje, uklanjanje leševa uginulih životinja, odnos prema drugim životinjama na farmi, kontrola populacija glodara i ptica, sanitacija), i ocenjeni prema skali ocena: (5) - odličan, (4) - vrlo dobar, (3) - dobar, (2) - dovoljan, (1) - nedovoljan, ima resursa za poboljšanje, (0) nedovoljan, nema resursa za poboljšanje. U razmatranju rezultata primenjena je SWOT analiza i utvrđene prednosti, nedostaci, rizici i mogućnosti za podizanje nivoa biosigurnosti. Stanje u centru je ocenjeno kao vrlo dobro, uz prosečnu ocenu 4,15. Međutim, jedan nedostatak je veoma ozbiljan i odnosi se na mogućnost izolacije objekata, uzimajući u obzir njegovu lokaciju i prisustvo dve vrste muških priplodnih životinja (nerastova i bikova) na istoj lokaciji. Nove priplodne životinje se nabavljaju iz različitih izvora, ali uz rigorozan režim kontrole i ne u isto vreme. Svakako, izmeštanje objekata za držanje priplodnih nerastova na drugu bezbednu lokaciju predstavlja složen ali prioritetan zadatak, kojim bi se otklonile brojne pretnje po proizvodnju sperme.
PB  - Institut za stočarstvo, Beograd
T2  - Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry
T1  - Analysis of applied biosecurity measures in boars sperm production
T1  - Analiza primenjenih biosigurnosnih mera u proizvodnji sperme nerastova
VL  - 27
IS  - 2
SP  - 209
EP  - 216
DO  - 10.2298/BAH1102209S
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Stanković, B. and Hristov, Slavča and Petrujkić, Tihomir and Bojkovski, Jovan and Maksimović, N. and Delić, N.",
year = "2011",
abstract = "This paper gives a detailed analysis of the applied biosecurity measures in the production of boar sperm at a swine reproduction center. Biosecurity indicators (existence of a written biosecurity plan, isolation, introduction of newly acquired animals into the herd, herd health, assessment of the personnel attitude towards equipment, traffic control, attitude towards visitors, feeding and watering control, manure management, disposal of dead animal carcasses, attitude towards other animals, rodents and birds control, sanitation) were viewed and evaluated by rating scale: (5) - excellent, (4) - very good, (3) - good, (2) - sufficient, (1) - insufficient, there are resources for improvement (0) - insufficient, with no resources for improvement. Obtained data were analyzed in the SWOT process, taking into account all the strengths, weaknesses, threats and opportunities for improving the biosecurity level. The situation in the center is rated as very good, with an average rating of 4.15. However, one disadvantage is serious and related to the boar facilities isolation possibilities, taking into account their location and the presence of two types of male breeding animals (boars and bulls) in the same location. Newly acquired breeding animals are purchased from various sources, but with a rigorous regime of control and not at the same time., U radu je detaljno analizirana primena biosigurnosnih mera u proizvodnji sperme nerastova u jednom centru za veštačko osemenjavanje svinja. Sagledani su i procenjeni svi indikatori biosigurnosti (postojanje pisanog plana biosigurnosti, izolacija, uvođenje novonabavljenih životinja u zapat, zdravstveni status zapata, ocena odnosa osoblja prema opremi, kontrola kretanja i prometa, odnos prema posetiocima, kontrola ishrane i vodosnabdevanja, izđubravanje, uklanjanje leševa uginulih životinja, odnos prema drugim životinjama na farmi, kontrola populacija glodara i ptica, sanitacija), i ocenjeni prema skali ocena: (5) - odličan, (4) - vrlo dobar, (3) - dobar, (2) - dovoljan, (1) - nedovoljan, ima resursa za poboljšanje, (0) nedovoljan, nema resursa za poboljšanje. U razmatranju rezultata primenjena je SWOT analiza i utvrđene prednosti, nedostaci, rizici i mogućnosti za podizanje nivoa biosigurnosti. Stanje u centru je ocenjeno kao vrlo dobro, uz prosečnu ocenu 4,15. Međutim, jedan nedostatak je veoma ozbiljan i odnosi se na mogućnost izolacije objekata, uzimajući u obzir njegovu lokaciju i prisustvo dve vrste muških priplodnih životinja (nerastova i bikova) na istoj lokaciji. Nove priplodne životinje se nabavljaju iz različitih izvora, ali uz rigorozan režim kontrole i ne u isto vreme. Svakako, izmeštanje objekata za držanje priplodnih nerastova na drugu bezbednu lokaciju predstavlja složen ali prioritetan zadatak, kojim bi se otklonile brojne pretnje po proizvodnju sperme.",
publisher = "Institut za stočarstvo, Beograd",
journal = "Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry",
title = "Analysis of applied biosecurity measures in boars sperm production, Analiza primenjenih biosigurnosnih mera u proizvodnji sperme nerastova",
volume = "27",
number = "2",
pages = "209-216",
doi = "10.2298/BAH1102209S"
}

Stanković, B., Hristov, S., Petrujkić, T., Bojkovski, J., Maksimović, N.,& Delić, N.. (2011). Analysis of applied biosecurity measures in boars sperm production. in Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry
Institut za stočarstvo, Beograd., 27(2), 209-216.
https://doi.org/10.2298/BAH1102209S

Stanković B, Hristov S, Petrujkić T, Bojkovski J, Maksimović N, Delić N. Analysis of applied biosecurity measures in boars sperm production. in Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry. 2011;27(2):209-216.
doi:10.2298/BAH1102209S .

Stanković, B., Hristov, Slavča, Petrujkić, Tihomir, Bojkovski, Jovan, Maksimović, N., Delić, N., "Analysis of applied biosecurity measures in boars sperm production" in Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry, 27, no. 2 (2011):209-216,
https://doi.org/10.2298/BAH1102209S . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Petrujkić, Tihomir
AU  - Petrujkić, Branko
AU  - Bojkovski, Jovan
AU  - Vaić, Dubravko
AU  - Jeremić, Ivan
AU  - Katić, Marko
AU  - Kojić, Milovan
AU  - Ivković, Branislav
PY  - 2011
UR  - https://vet-erinar.vet.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/840
AB  - On large farms of dairy cattle HF breed, very rarely achieved fertility in a herd of over 80% of cows, per year. On farms in Serbia are very few dairy farms are able to achieve fertility of over 75-77% in one year. This is related to herd of cows sterility, which is caused by multiple factors such as nutrition diet, posture, height of lactation, an organization monitoring the animals on the farm insemination procedure, training of veterinary and other staff as well as the interest of workers, motivation of workers to produce milk at the farm. In this study, with the native sperm of two bulls from the Center for reproduction, PKB Corporation, Belgrade in the fall of 2010 was insemeinated a number of cows (568) and examined the fertility of cows on two dairy farms with the use of lists to track production and reproductive status of cows on farms PKB Corporation.
AB  - Na velikim farmama mlečnih krava HF rase, veoma retko se postiže plodnost u stadu od preko 80%, na godišnjem nivou. Na farmama u Srbiji retko koja farma mlečnih krava može da postigne plodnost 75-77% u toku jedne godine. To je povezano sa stadnim sterilitetom, koji je uzrokovan od većeg broja činilaca, kao što su: ishrana, držanje, visina laktacije, organizacija praćenja grla na farmi, postupak osemenjavanja, obučenost veterinarskog i drugog osoblja, kao i zainteresovanosti radnika, tj. motivacije radnika za proizvodnju mleka na farmi. U ovom radu korišćenjem nativne sperme dva bika iz Centra za stočarstvo PKB Korporacije, u jesenjem periodu 2010 godine, osemenili smo veći broj krava (568) i ispitali plodnost na dve farme, uz primenu lista za praćenje proizvodno-reproduktivnog statusa krava na farmama PKB Korporacije.
PB  - Institut PKB Agroekonomik, Padinska skela
T2  - Zbornik naučnih radova Instituta PKB Agroekonomik
T1  - Using native bull sperm for insemination HF breed and shortening service period of temporary sterility of dairy cows and increase in the percentage of pregnancy
T1  - Korišćenje nativne sperme bikova HF rase za osemenjavanje i skraćivanje servis perioda kod privremenog steriliteta mlečnih krava i povećanje procenta steonosti
VL  - 17
IS  - 3-4
SP  - 95
EP  - 99
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_veterinar_840
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Petrujkić, Tihomir and Petrujkić, Branko and Bojkovski, Jovan and Vaić, Dubravko and Jeremić, Ivan and Katić, Marko and Kojić, Milovan and Ivković, Branislav",
year = "2011",
abstract = "On large farms of dairy cattle HF breed, very rarely achieved fertility in a herd of over 80% of cows, per year. On farms in Serbia are very few dairy farms are able to achieve fertility of over 75-77% in one year. This is related to herd of cows sterility, which is caused by multiple factors such as nutrition diet, posture, height of lactation, an organization monitoring the animals on the farm insemination procedure, training of veterinary and other staff as well as the interest of workers, motivation of workers to produce milk at the farm. In this study, with the native sperm of two bulls from the Center for reproduction, PKB Corporation, Belgrade in the fall of 2010 was insemeinated a number of cows (568) and examined the fertility of cows on two dairy farms with the use of lists to track production and reproductive status of cows on farms PKB Corporation., Na velikim farmama mlečnih krava HF rase, veoma retko se postiže plodnost u stadu od preko 80%, na godišnjem nivou. Na farmama u Srbiji retko koja farma mlečnih krava može da postigne plodnost 75-77% u toku jedne godine. To je povezano sa stadnim sterilitetom, koji je uzrokovan od većeg broja činilaca, kao što su: ishrana, držanje, visina laktacije, organizacija praćenja grla na farmi, postupak osemenjavanja, obučenost veterinarskog i drugog osoblja, kao i zainteresovanosti radnika, tj. motivacije radnika za proizvodnju mleka na farmi. U ovom radu korišćenjem nativne sperme dva bika iz Centra za stočarstvo PKB Korporacije, u jesenjem periodu 2010 godine, osemenili smo veći broj krava (568) i ispitali plodnost na dve farme, uz primenu lista za praćenje proizvodno-reproduktivnog statusa krava na farmama PKB Korporacije.",
publisher = "Institut PKB Agroekonomik, Padinska skela",
journal = "Zbornik naučnih radova Instituta PKB Agroekonomik",
title = "Using native bull sperm for insemination HF breed and shortening service period of temporary sterility of dairy cows and increase in the percentage of pregnancy, Korišćenje nativne sperme bikova HF rase za osemenjavanje i skraćivanje servis perioda kod privremenog steriliteta mlečnih krava i povećanje procenta steonosti",
volume = "17",
number = "3-4",
pages = "95-99",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_veterinar_840"
}

Petrujkić, T., Petrujkić, B., Bojkovski, J., Vaić, D., Jeremić, I., Katić, M., Kojić, M.,& Ivković, B.. (2011). Using native bull sperm for insemination HF breed and shortening service period of temporary sterility of dairy cows and increase in the percentage of pregnancy. in Zbornik naučnih radova Instituta PKB Agroekonomik
Institut PKB Agroekonomik, Padinska skela., 17(3-4), 95-99.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_veterinar_840

Petrujkić T, Petrujkić B, Bojkovski J, Vaić D, Jeremić I, Katić M, Kojić M, Ivković B. Using native bull sperm for insemination HF breed and shortening service period of temporary sterility of dairy cows and increase in the percentage of pregnancy. in Zbornik naučnih radova Instituta PKB Agroekonomik. 2011;17(3-4):95-99.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_veterinar_840 .

Petrujkić, Tihomir, Petrujkić, Branko, Bojkovski, Jovan, Vaić, Dubravko, Jeremić, Ivan, Katić, Marko, Kojić, Milovan, Ivković, Branislav, "Using native bull sperm for insemination HF breed and shortening service period of temporary sterility of dairy cows and increase in the percentage of pregnancy" in Zbornik naučnih radova Instituta PKB Agroekonomik, 17, no. 3-4 (2011):95-99,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_veterinar_840 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fratrić, Natalija
AU  - Vujanac, Ivan
AU  - Šamanc, Horea
AU  - Kirovski, Danijela
AU  - Gvozdić, Dragan
AU  - Adamović, Milan
PY  - 2010
UR  - https://vet-erinar.vet.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/699
AB  - The work presents the results of investigations of the effect of moderate heat stress on the acidobasal status in high-yield dairy cows in early lactation. Improving performance in high-yield dairy cows increases their inclination toward metabolic disorders. The most likely to be affected is the acid-base balance, in particular when cows are exposed to heat stress. Investigations so far have shown that the taking of urine samples and their analysis is the best and fastest way to diagnose disorders in the acid-base balance. Investigations were carried out on 7 clinically healthy cows of the Holstein- Friesian breed in the phase of early lactation, 30 to 40 days (on days 30, 33 and 40 ) following calving during the summer period, during the month of July, when there were significant variations in daily and nightly temperatures. The cows were in the second and fourth lactation, the annual milk yield was 8000 L milk per cow. The average daily milk production in the early phase of lactation ranged from 35 to 40 L. The cows were fed mixed rations (TMR) twice daily. Lucerne hay in limited quantities was given to the cows prior to the mixed feed ration. The ration for this animal category was optimized on the grounds of the daily milk production. The balance of cations and anions in the feed ration stood at 95 mEq/kg DM. The results clearly demonstrate the cows' response to moderate heat stress through the defense parameters in urine (urine pH, NABE (net-acid-base-excretion), acids, bases, ammonium ion (NH4). The determination of the kidney NABE yields more correct data than the urine pH on acidotic conditions. The results of examinations of the urine pH do not show any digressions from physiological values and are approximately the same in all cows during the investigated periods. Normal NABE values are from 100-200 mmol/L. Burdening with acid products results in a NABE range from 0-100mmol/L, and metabolic acidosis results in NAB lt 0 mmol/L. NABE in the cows in this experiment revealed that the organism is burdened by acid metabolic products and it stood at 58.28±27.96 mmol/L on day 30, 69.28±29.89 mmol/L on day 33, and 60.60±26.88mmol/L on day 40. Consequently, it seems that NABE values are decreased in cases of acidosis due to stepped up H+ excretion and stepped up bicarbonate reabsorption.
AB  - U radu su prikazani rezultati ispitivanja uticaja umerenog toplotnog stresa na acido-bazni status visokomlečnih krava u ranoj laktaciji. Poboljšanje performansi kod visokomlečnih krava povećava predispoziciju za metaboličke poremećaje. Najviše od svega može da bude pogođena acido-bazna ravnoteža, pogotovo kada su krave izložene toplotnom stresu. Dosadašnja istraživanja su pokazala da je uzimanje uzorka i analiza urina najbolji i najbrži način da se dijagnostikuju poremećaji u acido-baznoj ravnoteži. Istraživanja su obavljena na 7 klinički zdravih krava holštajn-frizijske rase u fazi rane laktacije 30 do 40 dana (30, 33. i 40. dana) posle teljenja u letnjem periodu, tokom jula kada su dnevne i noćne temperature znatno varirale. Krave su bile u 2. i 4. laktaciji, godišnja mlečnost je iznosila 8000 l mleka po kravi. Prosečna dnevna proizvodnja mleka u ranoj fazi laktacijije se kretala od 35 do 40 l. Krave su hranjene miksiranim obrocima (TMR) dva puta dnevno. Seno lucerke u ograničenim količinama davano je kravama pre miksiranog obroka. Optimizacija obroka za ovu kategoriju životinja rađena je na osnovu dnevne količine proizvedenog mleka. Bilans katjona i anjona u obroku (BKAO) iznosio je 95 mEq/kg SM. Rezultati jasno pokazuju reakciju krava na umereni toplotni stres kroz odabrane parametre iz urina (pH urina, neto acidobazna ekskrecija - NABE), kiseline, baze, amonijum jon (NH4). Izrač unavanje bubrežnog NABE daje precizniju sliku stanja nego pH urina o acidoznim stanjima. Rezultati ispitivanja pH urina ne pokazuju odstupanja od fizioloških vrednosti koje su približno iste kod krava u svim ispitivanim periodima. Normalne vrednosti za NABE su 100- 200 mmol/l. Opterećenje kiselim produktima daje raspon NABE 0- 100 mmol/l, a metabolička acidoza NABE lt 0 mmol/l. Vrednosti NABE kod krava u ovom ogledu odražavaju opterećenje organizma kiselim metaboličkim produktima: 30. dana 58,28 ± 27,96 mmol/l, 33. dana 69,28 ± 29,89 mmol/l i 40. dana 60,60 ± 26,88 mmol/l. Po svemu sudeći, u slučajevima acidoze zbog pojačanog izlučivanja H+ i pojačane reapsorpcije bikarbonata dolazi do sniženja vrednosti NABE. PR Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. TR 20110/20016.
PB  - Univerzitet u Beogradu - Fakultet veterinarske medicine, Beograd
T2  - Veterinarski Glasnik
T1  - Determination of NABE in urine of high-yield dairy cows in early lactation in conditions of moderate heat stress
T1  - Određivanje neto acido-bazne ekskrecije u urinu visokomlečnih krava u ranoj laktaciji u uslovima umerenog toplotnog stresa
VL  - 64
IS  - 5-6
SP  - 349
EP  - 358
DO  - 10.2298/VETGL1006349F
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Fratrić, Natalija and Vujanac, Ivan and Šamanc, Horea and Kirovski, Danijela and Gvozdić, Dragan and Adamović, Milan",
year = "2010",
abstract = "The work presents the results of investigations of the effect of moderate heat stress on the acidobasal status in high-yield dairy cows in early lactation. Improving performance in high-yield dairy cows increases their inclination toward metabolic disorders. The most likely to be affected is the acid-base balance, in particular when cows are exposed to heat stress. Investigations so far have shown that the taking of urine samples and their analysis is the best and fastest way to diagnose disorders in the acid-base balance. Investigations were carried out on 7 clinically healthy cows of the Holstein- Friesian breed in the phase of early lactation, 30 to 40 days (on days 30, 33 and 40 ) following calving during the summer period, during the month of July, when there were significant variations in daily and nightly temperatures. The cows were in the second and fourth lactation, the annual milk yield was 8000 L milk per cow. The average daily milk production in the early phase of lactation ranged from 35 to 40 L. The cows were fed mixed rations (TMR) twice daily. Lucerne hay in limited quantities was given to the cows prior to the mixed feed ration. The ration for this animal category was optimized on the grounds of the daily milk production. The balance of cations and anions in the feed ration stood at 95 mEq/kg DM. The results clearly demonstrate the cows' response to moderate heat stress through the defense parameters in urine (urine pH, NABE (net-acid-base-excretion), acids, bases, ammonium ion (NH4). The determination of the kidney NABE yields more correct data than the urine pH on acidotic conditions. The results of examinations of the urine pH do not show any digressions from physiological values and are approximately the same in all cows during the investigated periods. Normal NABE values are from 100-200 mmol/L. Burdening with acid products results in a NABE range from 0-100mmol/L, and metabolic acidosis results in NAB lt 0 mmol/L. NABE in the cows in this experiment revealed that the organism is burdened by acid metabolic products and it stood at 58.28±27.96 mmol/L on day 30, 69.28±29.89 mmol/L on day 33, and 60.60±26.88mmol/L on day 40. Consequently, it seems that NABE values are decreased in cases of acidosis due to stepped up H+ excretion and stepped up bicarbonate reabsorption., U radu su prikazani rezultati ispitivanja uticaja umerenog toplotnog stresa na acido-bazni status visokomlečnih krava u ranoj laktaciji. Poboljšanje performansi kod visokomlečnih krava povećava predispoziciju za metaboličke poremećaje. Najviše od svega može da bude pogođena acido-bazna ravnoteža, pogotovo kada su krave izložene toplotnom stresu. Dosadašnja istraživanja su pokazala da je uzimanje uzorka i analiza urina najbolji i najbrži način da se dijagnostikuju poremećaji u acido-baznoj ravnoteži. Istraživanja su obavljena na 7 klinički zdravih krava holštajn-frizijske rase u fazi rane laktacije 30 do 40 dana (30, 33. i 40. dana) posle teljenja u letnjem periodu, tokom jula kada su dnevne i noćne temperature znatno varirale. Krave su bile u 2. i 4. laktaciji, godišnja mlečnost je iznosila 8000 l mleka po kravi. Prosečna dnevna proizvodnja mleka u ranoj fazi laktacijije se kretala od 35 do 40 l. Krave su hranjene miksiranim obrocima (TMR) dva puta dnevno. Seno lucerke u ograničenim količinama davano je kravama pre miksiranog obroka. Optimizacija obroka za ovu kategoriju životinja rađena je na osnovu dnevne količine proizvedenog mleka. Bilans katjona i anjona u obroku (BKAO) iznosio je 95 mEq/kg SM. Rezultati jasno pokazuju reakciju krava na umereni toplotni stres kroz odabrane parametre iz urina (pH urina, neto acidobazna ekskrecija - NABE), kiseline, baze, amonijum jon (NH4). Izrač unavanje bubrežnog NABE daje precizniju sliku stanja nego pH urina o acidoznim stanjima. Rezultati ispitivanja pH urina ne pokazuju odstupanja od fizioloških vrednosti koje su približno iste kod krava u svim ispitivanim periodima. Normalne vrednosti za NABE su 100- 200 mmol/l. Opterećenje kiselim produktima daje raspon NABE 0- 100 mmol/l, a metabolička acidoza NABE lt 0 mmol/l. Vrednosti NABE kod krava u ovom ogledu odražavaju opterećenje organizma kiselim metaboličkim produktima: 30. dana 58,28 ± 27,96 mmol/l, 33. dana 69,28 ± 29,89 mmol/l i 40. dana 60,60 ± 26,88 mmol/l. Po svemu sudeći, u slučajevima acidoze zbog pojačanog izlučivanja H+ i pojačane reapsorpcije bikarbonata dolazi do sniženja vrednosti NABE. PR Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. TR 20110/20016.",
publisher = "Univerzitet u Beogradu - Fakultet veterinarske medicine, Beograd",
journal = "Veterinarski Glasnik",
title = "Determination of NABE in urine of high-yield dairy cows in early lactation in conditions of moderate heat stress, Određivanje neto acido-bazne ekskrecije u urinu visokomlečnih krava u ranoj laktaciji u uslovima umerenog toplotnog stresa",
volume = "64",
number = "5-6",
pages = "349-358",
doi = "10.2298/VETGL1006349F"
}

Fratrić, N., Vujanac, I., Šamanc, H., Kirovski, D., Gvozdić, D.,& Adamović, M.. (2010). Determination of NABE in urine of high-yield dairy cows in early lactation in conditions of moderate heat stress. in Veterinarski Glasnik
Univerzitet u Beogradu - Fakultet veterinarske medicine, Beograd., 64(5-6), 349-358.
https://doi.org/10.2298/VETGL1006349F

Fratrić N, Vujanac I, Šamanc H, Kirovski D, Gvozdić D, Adamović M. Determination of NABE in urine of high-yield dairy cows in early lactation in conditions of moderate heat stress. in Veterinarski Glasnik. 2010;64(5-6):349-358.
doi:10.2298/VETGL1006349F .

Fratrić, Natalija, Vujanac, Ivan, Šamanc, Horea, Kirovski, Danijela, Gvozdić, Dragan, Adamović, Milan, "Determination of NABE in urine of high-yield dairy cows in early lactation in conditions of moderate heat stress" in Veterinarski Glasnik, 64, no. 5-6 (2010):349-358,
https://doi.org/10.2298/VETGL1006349F . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Valčić, Miroslav
AU  - Radojičić, Sonja
PY  - 2010
UR  - https://vet-erinar.vet.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/716
AB  - In epidemiology or in epizootiology, there are some infectious diseases that have potential for significant reduction of the susceptible species population. Over the past few decades, epidemiologists were concentrated on diseases that were 'modern' and made front-page news in tabloids. One should recall diseases like bovine spongiform encephalopathy, SARS and AIDS syndromes. However, we should always be aware of the most dangerous diseases such as our old friend, influenza, or simply, flu. In the past decade, we heard about 'bird' or 'swine' influenza. It is the same disease for different animal species as well as for man. Influenza owes its characteristics to specific virus biology as well as to the epidemiology-epizootiology characteristics of the susceptible species. Antigenic changes that took place thanks to reassortment mechanisms of the viral gene segments cause the onset of the new antigenic combinations of the hemaglutinin and neuraminidase molecules. As a result, new H and/or N antigenic formulas appear for the first time in totally susceptible animal and human populations. That means that in such circumstances, no person in the world is immune to the virus. In that case, such a virus can cause a pandemic with disastrous consequences since influenza is a disease with significant mortality, especially in some segments of the human (as well as animal) population. Birds and swine are virus reservoirs, but these species are at the same time live test tubes in which the virus resides, changes and adapts itself not only to the original species but to other species as well. That means that there is no 'bird' or 'swine' flu. Influenza is an infection of several important animal species as well as man that have potential not only for the reduction of the population size but, in case of the human population, for influencing social and economic life. .
AB  - Bilo da se radi o ljudima ili životinjama kao pacijentima, u infektologiji postoje oboljenja koja mogu značajno da smanje populaciju prijemčivih vrsta. Svakako da je pažnja infektologa u proteklih nekoliko decenija usmerena ka onim oboljenjima koja mogu svojom pojavom da 'napune' prve strane tabloida. Treba se setiti spongioformnih encefalopatija, SARS-a ili SIDE. Međutim, istorijski gledano jedno od najopasnijih oboljenja je stari dobri poznanik grip ili influenca. U protekloj deceniji se govorilo o ptičjem i svinjskom gripu. Međutim, radi se o jednom oboljenju svojstvenom većem broju vrsta, koje svoje karakteristike duguje, sa jedne strane, biologiji virusa, a sa druge, epidemiološko-epizootiološkim karakteristikama prijemčivih vrsta. Izmene antigenih struktura koje se dešavaju zahvaljujući mehanizmima reasortiranja segmenata gena uslovljavaju pojavu novih kombinacija tipičnih antigenih molekula virusa (hemaglutinina i neuraminidaze). Kao rezultat, ove izmene mogu da daju one kombinacije H i N molekula koji se po prvi put javljaju u prirodi što znači da nijedna osoba niti jedinka prijemčivih vrsta nije imuna. Samim tim, virusi sa ovakvim kombinacijama antigene strukture, mogu da uslove pandemiju i/ili panzootiju neviđenih razmera, pri čemu treba imati na umu i da u pojedinim populacijama, kako ljudi tako i životinja, mortalitet može da bude veoma visok. Ono što je sigurno jeste da su ptice i svinje rezervoari virusa, ali i žive epruvete u kojima se virus menja, prilagođava vrsti-domaćinu i izlazi iz kruga date vrste-domaćina ka ljudima ili drugoj nekoj vrsti. To znači da kod gripa ne postoji tipično oboljenje za neku od vrsta (ptičji i svinjski) već se radi o infektivnoj bolesti koja je karakteristična za nekoliko vrsta i koja ima potencijal da utiče ne samo na brojnost populacije ljudi i životinja već i na socio-ekonomske prilike u regionima sveta. .
PB  - Univerzitet u Beogradu - Fakultet veterinarske medicine, Beograd
T2  - Veterinarski Glasnik
T1  - Influenza - flu
T1  - Grip - influenca
VL  - 64
IS  - 1-2
SP  - 109
EP  - 125
DO  - 10.2298/VETGL1002109V
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Valčić, Miroslav and Radojičić, Sonja",
year = "2010",
abstract = "In epidemiology or in epizootiology, there are some infectious diseases that have potential for significant reduction of the susceptible species population. Over the past few decades, epidemiologists were concentrated on diseases that were 'modern' and made front-page news in tabloids. One should recall diseases like bovine spongiform encephalopathy, SARS and AIDS syndromes. However, we should always be aware of the most dangerous diseases such as our old friend, influenza, or simply, flu. In the past decade, we heard about 'bird' or 'swine' influenza. It is the same disease for different animal species as well as for man. Influenza owes its characteristics to specific virus biology as well as to the epidemiology-epizootiology characteristics of the susceptible species. Antigenic changes that took place thanks to reassortment mechanisms of the viral gene segments cause the onset of the new antigenic combinations of the hemaglutinin and neuraminidase molecules. As a result, new H and/or N antigenic formulas appear for the first time in totally susceptible animal and human populations. That means that in such circumstances, no person in the world is immune to the virus. In that case, such a virus can cause a pandemic with disastrous consequences since influenza is a disease with significant mortality, especially in some segments of the human (as well as animal) population. Birds and swine are virus reservoirs, but these species are at the same time live test tubes in which the virus resides, changes and adapts itself not only to the original species but to other species as well. That means that there is no 'bird' or 'swine' flu. Influenza is an infection of several important animal species as well as man that have potential not only for the reduction of the population size but, in case of the human population, for influencing social and economic life. ., Bilo da se radi o ljudima ili životinjama kao pacijentima, u infektologiji postoje oboljenja koja mogu značajno da smanje populaciju prijemčivih vrsta. Svakako da je pažnja infektologa u proteklih nekoliko decenija usmerena ka onim oboljenjima koja mogu svojom pojavom da 'napune' prve strane tabloida. Treba se setiti spongioformnih encefalopatija, SARS-a ili SIDE. Međutim, istorijski gledano jedno od najopasnijih oboljenja je stari dobri poznanik grip ili influenca. U protekloj deceniji se govorilo o ptičjem i svinjskom gripu. Međutim, radi se o jednom oboljenju svojstvenom većem broju vrsta, koje svoje karakteristike duguje, sa jedne strane, biologiji virusa, a sa druge, epidemiološko-epizootiološkim karakteristikama prijemčivih vrsta. Izmene antigenih struktura koje se dešavaju zahvaljujući mehanizmima reasortiranja segmenata gena uslovljavaju pojavu novih kombinacija tipičnih antigenih molekula virusa (hemaglutinina i neuraminidaze). Kao rezultat, ove izmene mogu da daju one kombinacije H i N molekula koji se po prvi put javljaju u prirodi što znači da nijedna osoba niti jedinka prijemčivih vrsta nije imuna. Samim tim, virusi sa ovakvim kombinacijama antigene strukture, mogu da uslove pandemiju i/ili panzootiju neviđenih razmera, pri čemu treba imati na umu i da u pojedinim populacijama, kako ljudi tako i životinja, mortalitet može da bude veoma visok. Ono što je sigurno jeste da su ptice i svinje rezervoari virusa, ali i žive epruvete u kojima se virus menja, prilagođava vrsti-domaćinu i izlazi iz kruga date vrste-domaćina ka ljudima ili drugoj nekoj vrsti. To znači da kod gripa ne postoji tipično oboljenje za neku od vrsta (ptičji i svinjski) već se radi o infektivnoj bolesti koja je karakteristična za nekoliko vrsta i koja ima potencijal da utiče ne samo na brojnost populacije ljudi i životinja već i na socio-ekonomske prilike u regionima sveta. .",
publisher = "Univerzitet u Beogradu - Fakultet veterinarske medicine, Beograd",
journal = "Veterinarski Glasnik",
title = "Influenza - flu, Grip - influenca",
volume = "64",
number = "1-2",
pages = "109-125",
doi = "10.2298/VETGL1002109V"
}

Valčić, M.,& Radojičić, S.. (2010). Influenza - flu. in Veterinarski Glasnik
Univerzitet u Beogradu - Fakultet veterinarske medicine, Beograd., 64(1-2), 109-125.
https://doi.org/10.2298/VETGL1002109V

Valčić M, Radojičić S. Influenza - flu. in Veterinarski Glasnik. 2010;64(1-2):109-125.
doi:10.2298/VETGL1002109V .

Valčić, Miroslav, Radojičić, Sonja, "Influenza - flu" in Veterinarski Glasnik, 64, no. 1-2 (2010):109-125,
https://doi.org/10.2298/VETGL1002109V . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Savić, Božidar
AU  - Milićević, Vesna
AU  - Bojkovski, Jovan
AU  - Kureljušić, Branislav
AU  - Ivetić, Vojin
AU  - Pavlović, Ivan
PY  - 2010
UR  - https://vet-erinar.vet.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/720
AB  - Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) and hepatitis E virus (HEV) are the most recently recognized causes of infectious hepatitis of pigs and may or may not act independently in the development of the disease. Recently it has been suggested that swine torque teno viruses (TTVs), in co-infections with some swine viral pathogens, may potentiate the severity of disease. In order to search for virological cofactors associated with infectious hepatitis in pigs, we investigated the liver tissues, to determine the presence of TTVs, PCV2 and HEV of naturally infected pigs and analysed the prevalence of both genogroups of the TTVs in the hepatitis lesions. Histopathological techniques, nested-polymerase chain reactions (nPCRs), polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and one-step reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were applied to detect hepatitis lesions, TTVs genogroups 1 and 2, PCV2 and HEV infection. Of the livers examined 58% (29/50) had mild to moderate hepatitis and 74% (37/50), 56% (28/50) and 26% (13/50) samples were nPCR, PCR and RT-PCR positive for TTVs PCV2 and HEV respectively. TTVs were detected in 84% (16/19) of the samples which were determined to be of mild severity while present in almost all (90% or 9/10) samples identified as having moderate hepatitis lesions. Additionally, the livers of 12 out of 21 (57%) pigs without the hepatitis lesions were positive for TTVs. These results demonstrate an association between TTVs and infectious hepatitis of pigs in concomitant infections with PCV2 and/or HEV and indicated that TTVs may play a role as a cofactor in the pathogenesis of disease.
PB  - Springer, Dordrecht
T2  - Veterinary Research Communications
T1  - Detection rates of the swine torque teno viruses (TTVs), porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) and hepatitis E virus (HEV) in the livers of pigs with hepatitis
VL  - 34
IS  - 7
SP  - 641
EP  - 648
DO  - 10.1007/s11259-010-9432-z
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Savić, Božidar and Milićević, Vesna and Bojkovski, Jovan and Kureljušić, Branislav and Ivetić, Vojin and Pavlović, Ivan",
year = "2010",
abstract = "Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) and hepatitis E virus (HEV) are the most recently recognized causes of infectious hepatitis of pigs and may or may not act independently in the development of the disease. Recently it has been suggested that swine torque teno viruses (TTVs), in co-infections with some swine viral pathogens, may potentiate the severity of disease. In order to search for virological cofactors associated with infectious hepatitis in pigs, we investigated the liver tissues, to determine the presence of TTVs, PCV2 and HEV of naturally infected pigs and analysed the prevalence of both genogroups of the TTVs in the hepatitis lesions. Histopathological techniques, nested-polymerase chain reactions (nPCRs), polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and one-step reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were applied to detect hepatitis lesions, TTVs genogroups 1 and 2, PCV2 and HEV infection. Of the livers examined 58% (29/50) had mild to moderate hepatitis and 74% (37/50), 56% (28/50) and 26% (13/50) samples were nPCR, PCR and RT-PCR positive for TTVs PCV2 and HEV respectively. TTVs were detected in 84% (16/19) of the samples which were determined to be of mild severity while present in almost all (90% or 9/10) samples identified as having moderate hepatitis lesions. Additionally, the livers of 12 out of 21 (57%) pigs without the hepatitis lesions were positive for TTVs. These results demonstrate an association between TTVs and infectious hepatitis of pigs in concomitant infections with PCV2 and/or HEV and indicated that TTVs may play a role as a cofactor in the pathogenesis of disease.",
publisher = "Springer, Dordrecht",
journal = "Veterinary Research Communications",
title = "Detection rates of the swine torque teno viruses (TTVs), porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) and hepatitis E virus (HEV) in the livers of pigs with hepatitis",
volume = "34",
number = "7",
pages = "641-648",
doi = "10.1007/s11259-010-9432-z"
}

Savić, B., Milićević, V., Bojkovski, J., Kureljušić, B., Ivetić, V.,& Pavlović, I.. (2010). Detection rates of the swine torque teno viruses (TTVs), porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) and hepatitis E virus (HEV) in the livers of pigs with hepatitis. in Veterinary Research Communications
Springer, Dordrecht., 34(7), 641-648.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11259-010-9432-z

Savić B, Milićević V, Bojkovski J, Kureljušić B, Ivetić V, Pavlović I. Detection rates of the swine torque teno viruses (TTVs), porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) and hepatitis E virus (HEV) in the livers of pigs with hepatitis. in Veterinary Research Communications. 2010;34(7):641-648.
doi:10.1007/s11259-010-9432-z .

Savić, Božidar, Milićević, Vesna, Bojkovski, Jovan, Kureljušić, Branislav, Ivetić, Vojin, Pavlović, Ivan, "Detection rates of the swine torque teno viruses (TTVs), porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) and hepatitis E virus (HEV) in the livers of pigs with hepatitis" in Veterinary Research Communications, 34, no. 7 (2010):641-648,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11259-010-9432-z . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bojkovski, Jovan
AU  - Petrujkić, Tihomir
AU  - Stanković, Branislav
AU  - Đoković, Radojica
AU  - Valčić, Miroslav
AU  - Pavlović, Ivan
AU  - Savić, Božidar
PY  - 2010
UR  - https://vet-erinar.vet.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/682
AB  - Reproductive parameters: open day period, insemination index, time between calving, were monitoring on a total 12.400 dairy cow dairy cows with milk yield of 8500 liters in 305 days long lactation period. Reproductive disorders observed were abortions, lack of heat, ovarian cysts and ovarial inactivity longer than 60 days after calving and endometrirtis as well. The evaluations of health status of calves, pregnant heifers, and cows were performed during the same period. Most often problems affecting calves were diarrheas and respiratory diseases. Peripartal cows were frequently affected by puerperal paresis, ketosis and abosonmal displacement. Indigestions were present both in lactating and puerperal period. Disease of acropodium were present all a round year. Trhypophiton spp. Infection were seen sporadically in pregnant heifers and actinomycosis was found in older cows after several lactation. Increased production and improved health and reproductive status were achieved after introduction of herd management programme. Good health of pigs is qualification for good reproduction and profitable production. Pig health can be improved in aim to achieve higher production. Disease like neonatal scour, edema disease, esophagogastric ulcer, osteodiustrophia, actinobacilosis, atrophic rhinitis, dysentery and recent times proliferate eneropaties could be competent services. Especially critical periods are sowing, 24-48 hours, after sowing, and period 10-14 days after repulsion. By flexible cooperation of farm owners and veterinarians by appreciation of nowadays knowledge production is possible to improve and serve concept 'from stable to table'. In this concept veterinarians have significant role from economic and ecologic point of view. Biosecurity, welfare, good producers, practice, or hazard analysis, on critical points are very important issues in intensive pig production. Consistent application of biosecurity measures is crucial in swine health protection and production efficiency. In this paper are given certain solutions and routine activities in protection against biological contamination as well as procedures attitude towards different sized herds health protection at home and abroad. Stuff conscience about needs to protect production in general active attitude to real threats and taken measures are key to success in biosecurity plans creation and application on every farm for itself.
AB  - Od reproduktivnih poremećaja ustanovljeni su pobačaji, anestrije, sitni jajnici, ciste, inaktivni jajnici duže od 60 dana postpartum i endometritisi. Uporedo je praćeno i zdravstveno stanje teladi, visoko-steonih junica i krava, dok je u puerperijumu praćeno zdravstveno stanje prvotelkinja i višetelkinja. Dijareja i oboljenja organa za disanje su bili najčešći zdravstveni problemi teladi koji su se ispoljili na kontrolisanim farmama. U puerperijumu kao najčešći zdravstveni problemi ispoljili su se puerperalna pareza, ketoza i dislokacije sirišta. Indigestije kao ozbiljan zdravstveni problem su se javile kod krava u periodu laktacije i puerperijuma. Bolesti akropodijuma (aseptični pododermatitis i panaricijum) pratile su krave veći deo godine. U sporadičnim slučajevima dijagnostikovana je trihoficija kod visoko steonih junica i aktinomikoza kod krava koje su imale veći broj laktacija. Uvođenjem menadžmenta kontrole zdravlja i produktivnosti stada (MKZPS), došlo je do značajnog poboljšanja zdravlja, reporodukcije, a takođe i do povećanja proizvodnje. Dobro zdravlje svinje je uslov dobre reprodukcije, odonosno rentabilne proizvodnje. Zdravlje svinja se može unaprediti u cilju postizanja što veće proizvodnje. Zdravlje zavisi od uslova držanja, nege, ishrane, kontrole zdravlja i zdravstvene zaštite. Bolesti kao što su neonatalni scour, edemska bolest, ezofagogastrični ulkus, osteodistrofije, aktinobaciloza, atrofični rinitis, dizenterija, a u novije vreme proliferativne enteropatije koje mogu ugroziti proizvodnju svinja u intenzivnom odgoju, moguće je primenom profilaktičkih, terapeutskih mera pojačanom kontrolom stručnih službi, držati pod kontrolom. Posebno osetljivi kritični periodi su: samo prašenje, prvih 24-48 sati posle prašenja, od 7-10 dana nakon prašenja i period 10-14 dana po odbijanju prasadi. Fleksibilnom saradnjom vlasnika farmi sa stručnim službama uz poštovanje i sprovođenje stručnih saznanja, te primenom niza biotehničkih mera stavljanjem akcenta na preveniranje bolesti svinja, a u cilju promocije dobrog zdravlja svinja moguće je unaprediti proizvodnju. Biosigurnost, dobrobit, dobra proizvođačka praksa i analiza rizika na kritičnim kontrolnim tačkama su veoma značajni elementi za intenzivnu proizvodnju svinja. Planska primena biosigurnosnih mera presudna je u zaštiti zdravlja svinja i uspeha proizvodnje. U dužem vremenskom periodu na velikim farmama mlečnih rasa krava, svinja i ovaca, praćeno je prisustvo bioloških zagađivača životne sredine (patogene bakterije), kao i hemijskih zagađivača životne sredine (teški metali) i njihov uticaj na dobrobit i zdravstveno stanje životinja. Posebnu opasnost za žive sisteme predstavljaju teški metali koji reagujući sa organskim molekulima menjaju njihovu strukturu i funkciju. U organizam teški metali prodiru preko organa za varenje, organa za disanje i kože. Rezultati naših višegodišnjih istraživanja ukazuju da postoji opasnost od kontaminacije stočne hrane teškim metalima i njihovog deponovanja u organizmu životinja, kao i negativnog delovanja na reproduktivnu sposobnost domaćih životinja. Toksičnost teških metala generalno vodi ka formiranju slobodnih radikala inhibirajući aktivnost enzima antioksidativne odbrane, kao i oksidaciju glutationa i stvaranju malon dialdehida (MDA) kao markera oksidativnog stresa. Njihova toksičnost potiče od tendencije da stvaraju kovalentne veze sa sulfhidrilnim grupama biomakromolekula ili istiskuju određene kofaktore čime inhibiraju aktivnost pojedinih enzima.
PB  - Institut PKB Agroekonomik, Padinska skela
T2  - Zbornik naučnih radova Instituta PKB Agroekonomik
T1  - Contribution to knowledge of health, reproduction, biosecurity and ecological problems in intensive cattle and pig production
T1  - Prilog poznavanju zdravstvenih, reproduktivnih, biosigurnosnih i ekoloških problema u intenzivnoj govedarskoj i svinjarskoj proizvodnji
VL  - 16
IS  - 3-4
SP  - 105
EP  - 115
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_2276
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Bojkovski, Jovan and Petrujkić, Tihomir and Stanković, Branislav and Đoković, Radojica and Valčić, Miroslav and Pavlović, Ivan and Savić, Božidar",
year = "2010",
abstract = "Reproductive parameters: open day period, insemination index, time between calving, were monitoring on a total 12.400 dairy cow dairy cows with milk yield of 8500 liters in 305 days long lactation period. Reproductive disorders observed were abortions, lack of heat, ovarian cysts and ovarial inactivity longer than 60 days after calving and endometrirtis as well. The evaluations of health status of calves, pregnant heifers, and cows were performed during the same period. Most often problems affecting calves were diarrheas and respiratory diseases. Peripartal cows were frequently affected by puerperal paresis, ketosis and abosonmal displacement. Indigestions were present both in lactating and puerperal period. Disease of acropodium were present all a round year. Trhypophiton spp. Infection were seen sporadically in pregnant heifers and actinomycosis was found in older cows after several lactation. Increased production and improved health and reproductive status were achieved after introduction of herd management programme. Good health of pigs is qualification for good reproduction and profitable production. Pig health can be improved in aim to achieve higher production. Disease like neonatal scour, edema disease, esophagogastric ulcer, osteodiustrophia, actinobacilosis, atrophic rhinitis, dysentery and recent times proliferate eneropaties could be competent services. Especially critical periods are sowing, 24-48 hours, after sowing, and period 10-14 days after repulsion. By flexible cooperation of farm owners and veterinarians by appreciation of nowadays knowledge production is possible to improve and serve concept 'from stable to table'. In this concept veterinarians have significant role from economic and ecologic point of view. Biosecurity, welfare, good producers, practice, or hazard analysis, on critical points are very important issues in intensive pig production. Consistent application of biosecurity measures is crucial in swine health protection and production efficiency. In this paper are given certain solutions and routine activities in protection against biological contamination as well as procedures attitude towards different sized herds health protection at home and abroad. Stuff conscience about needs to protect production in general active attitude to real threats and taken measures are key to success in biosecurity plans creation and application on every farm for itself., Od reproduktivnih poremećaja ustanovljeni su pobačaji, anestrije, sitni jajnici, ciste, inaktivni jajnici duže od 60 dana postpartum i endometritisi. Uporedo je praćeno i zdravstveno stanje teladi, visoko-steonih junica i krava, dok je u puerperijumu praćeno zdravstveno stanje prvotelkinja i višetelkinja. Dijareja i oboljenja organa za disanje su bili najčešći zdravstveni problemi teladi koji su se ispoljili na kontrolisanim farmama. U puerperijumu kao najčešći zdravstveni problemi ispoljili su se puerperalna pareza, ketoza i dislokacije sirišta. Indigestije kao ozbiljan zdravstveni problem su se javile kod krava u periodu laktacije i puerperijuma. Bolesti akropodijuma (aseptični pododermatitis i panaricijum) pratile su krave veći deo godine. U sporadičnim slučajevima dijagnostikovana je trihoficija kod visoko steonih junica i aktinomikoza kod krava koje su imale veći broj laktacija. Uvođenjem menadžmenta kontrole zdravlja i produktivnosti stada (MKZPS), došlo je do značajnog poboljšanja zdravlja, reporodukcije, a takođe i do povećanja proizvodnje. Dobro zdravlje svinje je uslov dobre reprodukcije, odonosno rentabilne proizvodnje. Zdravlje svinja se može unaprediti u cilju postizanja što veće proizvodnje. Zdravlje zavisi od uslova držanja, nege, ishrane, kontrole zdravlja i zdravstvene zaštite. Bolesti kao što su neonatalni scour, edemska bolest, ezofagogastrični ulkus, osteodistrofije, aktinobaciloza, atrofični rinitis, dizenterija, a u novije vreme proliferativne enteropatije koje mogu ugroziti proizvodnju svinja u intenzivnom odgoju, moguće je primenom profilaktičkih, terapeutskih mera pojačanom kontrolom stručnih službi, držati pod kontrolom. Posebno osetljivi kritični periodi su: samo prašenje, prvih 24-48 sati posle prašenja, od 7-10 dana nakon prašenja i period 10-14 dana po odbijanju prasadi. Fleksibilnom saradnjom vlasnika farmi sa stručnim službama uz poštovanje i sprovođenje stručnih saznanja, te primenom niza biotehničkih mera stavljanjem akcenta na preveniranje bolesti svinja, a u cilju promocije dobrog zdravlja svinja moguće je unaprediti proizvodnju. Biosigurnost, dobrobit, dobra proizvođačka praksa i analiza rizika na kritičnim kontrolnim tačkama su veoma značajni elementi za intenzivnu proizvodnju svinja. Planska primena biosigurnosnih mera presudna je u zaštiti zdravlja svinja i uspeha proizvodnje. U dužem vremenskom periodu na velikim farmama mlečnih rasa krava, svinja i ovaca, praćeno je prisustvo bioloških zagađivača životne sredine (patogene bakterije), kao i hemijskih zagađivača životne sredine (teški metali) i njihov uticaj na dobrobit i zdravstveno stanje životinja. Posebnu opasnost za žive sisteme predstavljaju teški metali koji reagujući sa organskim molekulima menjaju njihovu strukturu i funkciju. U organizam teški metali prodiru preko organa za varenje, organa za disanje i kože. Rezultati naših višegodišnjih istraživanja ukazuju da postoji opasnost od kontaminacije stočne hrane teškim metalima i njihovog deponovanja u organizmu životinja, kao i negativnog delovanja na reproduktivnu sposobnost domaćih životinja. Toksičnost teških metala generalno vodi ka formiranju slobodnih radikala inhibirajući aktivnost enzima antioksidativne odbrane, kao i oksidaciju glutationa i stvaranju malon dialdehida (MDA) kao markera oksidativnog stresa. Njihova toksičnost potiče od tendencije da stvaraju kovalentne veze sa sulfhidrilnim grupama biomakromolekula ili istiskuju određene kofaktore čime inhibiraju aktivnost pojedinih enzima.",
publisher = "Institut PKB Agroekonomik, Padinska skela",
journal = "Zbornik naučnih radova Instituta PKB Agroekonomik",
title = "Contribution to knowledge of health, reproduction, biosecurity and ecological problems in intensive cattle and pig production, Prilog poznavanju zdravstvenih, reproduktivnih, biosigurnosnih i ekoloških problema u intenzivnoj govedarskoj i svinjarskoj proizvodnji",
volume = "16",
number = "3-4",
pages = "105-115",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_2276"
}

Bojkovski, J., Petrujkić, T., Stanković, B., Đoković, R., Valčić, M., Pavlović, I.,& Savić, B.. (2010). Contribution to knowledge of health, reproduction, biosecurity and ecological problems in intensive cattle and pig production. in Zbornik naučnih radova Instituta PKB Agroekonomik
Institut PKB Agroekonomik, Padinska skela., 16(3-4), 105-115.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_2276

Bojkovski J, Petrujkić T, Stanković B, Đoković R, Valčić M, Pavlović I, Savić B. Contribution to knowledge of health, reproduction, biosecurity and ecological problems in intensive cattle and pig production. in Zbornik naučnih radova Instituta PKB Agroekonomik. 2010;16(3-4):105-115.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_2276 .

Bojkovski, Jovan, Petrujkić, Tihomir, Stanković, Branislav, Đoković, Radojica, Valčić, Miroslav, Pavlović, Ivan, Savić, Božidar, "Contribution to knowledge of health, reproduction, biosecurity and ecological problems in intensive cattle and pig production" in Zbornik naučnih radova Instituta PKB Agroekonomik, 16, no. 3-4 (2010):105-115,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_2276 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Relić, Renata
AU  - Bojkovski, Jovan
PY  - 2010
UR  - https://vet-erinar.vet.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/754
AB  - This paper shows results of calf welfare risk assessment at intensive breeding farms. Assessment has been conducted on the basis of housing conditions which can have negative influence on welfare of cattle, especially in calf category considering their needs. According to analysis results very good housing conditions were confirmed in open shed rearing stall (C) and closed type rearing stall without feeding yard (A), whilst in closed rearing stall with feeding yard (B) housing conditions were estimated as acceptable. Based on collected data about housing conditions, we have estimated that the least risk for calf welfare is at C farm, slightly higher at A farm and the highest at B farm. Data about housing conditions and analysis of potential welfare risk factors show possible causes for already present health and other problems with animals, which also can reappear in future. However for that reason, applying described methods can increase rearing conditions and increase production at cattle farms.
AB  - U ovom radu prikazani su rezultati procene rizika po dobrobit teladi na farmi sa intenzivnim načinom gajenja. Procena je izvršena na osnovu faktora vezanih za uslove smeštaja koji mogu da imaju negativan uticaj na dobrobit goveda u kategoriji teladi, uzimajući u obzir njihove životne potrebe. Prema rezultatima analize, vrlo dobri uslovi smeštaja teladi utvrđeni su u otvorenom objektu (C) i zatvorenom objektu bez ispusta (A), dok su u zatvorenom objektu sa ispustom (B) uslovi procenjeni kao dobri. Na osnovu dobijenih podataka o smeštajnim uslovima, procenjeno je da u objektu C postoji najmanji rizik po dobrobit teladi, nešto veći u objektu A, a najveći u objektu B. Podaci o smeštajnim uslovima i analiza potencijalnih rizika po dobrobit ukazuju na moguće uzroke već prisutnih zdravstvenih i drugih problema kod životinja, kao i na probleme koji mogu da se jave u budućnosti. Iz tog razloga, primena opisanih metoda može da doprinese poboljšanju uslova gajenja i proizvodnih rezultata na farmama goveda.
PB  - Univerzitet u Beogradu - Poljoprivredni fakultet, Beograd
T2  - Journal of Agricultural Sciences (Belgrade)
T1  - Housing conditions in calves welfare risk assessment
T1  - Uslovi smeštaja u proceni rizika po dobrobit teladi
VL  - 55
IS  - 3
SP  - 283
EP  - 292
DO  - 10.2298/JAS1003283R
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Relić, Renata and Bojkovski, Jovan",
year = "2010",
abstract = "This paper shows results of calf welfare risk assessment at intensive breeding farms. Assessment has been conducted on the basis of housing conditions which can have negative influence on welfare of cattle, especially in calf category considering their needs. According to analysis results very good housing conditions were confirmed in open shed rearing stall (C) and closed type rearing stall without feeding yard (A), whilst in closed rearing stall with feeding yard (B) housing conditions were estimated as acceptable. Based on collected data about housing conditions, we have estimated that the least risk for calf welfare is at C farm, slightly higher at A farm and the highest at B farm. Data about housing conditions and analysis of potential welfare risk factors show possible causes for already present health and other problems with animals, which also can reappear in future. However for that reason, applying described methods can increase rearing conditions and increase production at cattle farms., U ovom radu prikazani su rezultati procene rizika po dobrobit teladi na farmi sa intenzivnim načinom gajenja. Procena je izvršena na osnovu faktora vezanih za uslove smeštaja koji mogu da imaju negativan uticaj na dobrobit goveda u kategoriji teladi, uzimajući u obzir njihove životne potrebe. Prema rezultatima analize, vrlo dobri uslovi smeštaja teladi utvrđeni su u otvorenom objektu (C) i zatvorenom objektu bez ispusta (A), dok su u zatvorenom objektu sa ispustom (B) uslovi procenjeni kao dobri. Na osnovu dobijenih podataka o smeštajnim uslovima, procenjeno je da u objektu C postoji najmanji rizik po dobrobit teladi, nešto veći u objektu A, a najveći u objektu B. Podaci o smeštajnim uslovima i analiza potencijalnih rizika po dobrobit ukazuju na moguće uzroke već prisutnih zdravstvenih i drugih problema kod životinja, kao i na probleme koji mogu da se jave u budućnosti. Iz tog razloga, primena opisanih metoda može da doprinese poboljšanju uslova gajenja i proizvodnih rezultata na farmama goveda.",
publisher = "Univerzitet u Beogradu - Poljoprivredni fakultet, Beograd",
journal = "Journal of Agricultural Sciences (Belgrade)",
title = "Housing conditions in calves welfare risk assessment, Uslovi smeštaja u proceni rizika po dobrobit teladi",
volume = "55",
number = "3",
pages = "283-292",
doi = "10.2298/JAS1003283R"
}

Relić, R.,& Bojkovski, J.. (2010). Housing conditions in calves welfare risk assessment. in Journal of Agricultural Sciences (Belgrade)
Univerzitet u Beogradu - Poljoprivredni fakultet, Beograd., 55(3), 283-292.
https://doi.org/10.2298/JAS1003283R

Relić R, Bojkovski J. Housing conditions in calves welfare risk assessment. in Journal of Agricultural Sciences (Belgrade). 2010;55(3):283-292.
doi:10.2298/JAS1003283R .

Relić, Renata, Bojkovski, Jovan, "Housing conditions in calves welfare risk assessment" in Journal of Agricultural Sciences (Belgrade), 55, no. 3 (2010):283-292,
https://doi.org/10.2298/JAS1003283R . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Marković, Radmila
AU  - Šefer, Dragan
AU  - Radulović, Stamen
AU  - Šperanda, Marcela
PY  - 2010
UR  - https://vet-erinar.vet.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/713
AB  - Mycotoxins present a significant problem in the diet of pigs. Secondary metabolites of fungi are toxic matter that have a negative effect on health and the performance of animals, as well as on the quality of their products. The creating of mycotosins is a complex process and it is difficult to predict which toxin will be produced and in which concentration. Food is most often contaminated by low concentrations of different mycotoxins (aflatoxins, ochratoxins, trichothecenes, fumonisinsi and zearalenone) which cause a series of undesired effects, depending on the amount that the animal has ingested into the organism. Mycotoxin interactions in the organism are complex, and they can have antagonistic, synergistic or a joint effect, depending on the combination and quantity in which they appear. The pig is a domestic animal which is most sensitive to the effects of mycotoxins. Long-term consumption of feed contaminated with mycotoxins results in a decline in production, a deterioration of the general health and reproductive disorders. One of the most important negative effects in pigs which receive low doses of mycotoxins in the longterm, is immunosuppression. Mycotoxins present very stable links that remain in raw materials and animal products for a long time and thus pose a major health risk for humans. .
AB  - Mikotoksini predstavljaju značajan problem u ishrani svinja. Sekundarni metaboliti plesni su toksične materije koje negativno utiču na zdravlje i proizvodne rezultate životinja, kao i na kvalitet njihovih proizvoda. Stvaranje mikotoksina je složen proces i teško je predvideti koji će toksin biti proizveden i u kojoj koncentraciji. Hranu najčešće kontaminiraju niske koncentracije različitih mikotoksina (aflatoksini, ohratoksini, trihoteceni, fumonizini i zearalenon) koji uzrokuju niz nepoželjnih uticaja, u zavisnosti od količine koju životinja unese u organizam. Interakcije mikotoksina u organizmu su kompleksne, a mogu imati antagonistički, sinergistički ili zbirni učinak, u zavisnosti od kombinacije i količine u kojoj se pojave. Svinja je jedna od najosetljivijih domaćih životinja na delovanje mikotoksina. Pri dugotrajnom konzumiranju hrane kontaminirane mikotoksinima dolazi do pada proizvodnje, pogoršanja opšteg zdravstvenog stanja i reproduktivnih poremećaja. Jedan od važnijih negativnih delovanja kod svinja koje dugo unose niske doze mikotoksina je imunosupresija. Mikotoksini predstavljaju vrlo stabilna jedinjenja koji dugo ostaju u sirovinama i životinjskim proizvodima i tako predstavljaju veliki rizik i za zdravlje ljudi. .
PB  - Univerzitet u Beogradu - Fakultet veterinarske medicine, Beograd
T2  - Veterinarski Glasnik
T1  - Presence and importance of mycotoxins in pig feed
T1  - Prisustvo i značaj mikotoksina u hrani za svinje
VL  - 64
IS  - 1-2
SP  - 83
EP  - 92
DO  - 10.2298/VETGL1002083M
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Marković, Radmila and Šefer, Dragan and Radulović, Stamen and Šperanda, Marcela",
year = "2010",
abstract = "Mycotoxins present a significant problem in the diet of pigs. Secondary metabolites of fungi are toxic matter that have a negative effect on health and the performance of animals, as well as on the quality of their products. The creating of mycotosins is a complex process and it is difficult to predict which toxin will be produced and in which concentration. Food is most often contaminated by low concentrations of different mycotoxins (aflatoxins, ochratoxins, trichothecenes, fumonisinsi and zearalenone) which cause a series of undesired effects, depending on the amount that the animal has ingested into the organism. Mycotoxin interactions in the organism are complex, and they can have antagonistic, synergistic or a joint effect, depending on the combination and quantity in which they appear. The pig is a domestic animal which is most sensitive to the effects of mycotoxins. Long-term consumption of feed contaminated with mycotoxins results in a decline in production, a deterioration of the general health and reproductive disorders. One of the most important negative effects in pigs which receive low doses of mycotoxins in the longterm, is immunosuppression. Mycotoxins present very stable links that remain in raw materials and animal products for a long time and thus pose a major health risk for humans. ., Mikotoksini predstavljaju značajan problem u ishrani svinja. Sekundarni metaboliti plesni su toksične materije koje negativno utiču na zdravlje i proizvodne rezultate životinja, kao i na kvalitet njihovih proizvoda. Stvaranje mikotoksina je složen proces i teško je predvideti koji će toksin biti proizveden i u kojoj koncentraciji. Hranu najčešće kontaminiraju niske koncentracije različitih mikotoksina (aflatoksini, ohratoksini, trihoteceni, fumonizini i zearalenon) koji uzrokuju niz nepoželjnih uticaja, u zavisnosti od količine koju životinja unese u organizam. Interakcije mikotoksina u organizmu su kompleksne, a mogu imati antagonistički, sinergistički ili zbirni učinak, u zavisnosti od kombinacije i količine u kojoj se pojave. Svinja je jedna od najosetljivijih domaćih životinja na delovanje mikotoksina. Pri dugotrajnom konzumiranju hrane kontaminirane mikotoksinima dolazi do pada proizvodnje, pogoršanja opšteg zdravstvenog stanja i reproduktivnih poremećaja. Jedan od važnijih negativnih delovanja kod svinja koje dugo unose niske doze mikotoksina je imunosupresija. Mikotoksini predstavljaju vrlo stabilna jedinjenja koji dugo ostaju u sirovinama i životinjskim proizvodima i tako predstavljaju veliki rizik i za zdravlje ljudi. .",
publisher = "Univerzitet u Beogradu - Fakultet veterinarske medicine, Beograd",
journal = "Veterinarski Glasnik",
title = "Presence and importance of mycotoxins in pig feed, Prisustvo i značaj mikotoksina u hrani za svinje",
volume = "64",
number = "1-2",
pages = "83-92",
doi = "10.2298/VETGL1002083M"
}

Marković, R., Šefer, D., Radulović, S.,& Šperanda, M.. (2010). Presence and importance of mycotoxins in pig feed. in Veterinarski Glasnik
Univerzitet u Beogradu - Fakultet veterinarske medicine, Beograd., 64(1-2), 83-92.
https://doi.org/10.2298/VETGL1002083M

Marković R, Šefer D, Radulović S, Šperanda M. Presence and importance of mycotoxins in pig feed. in Veterinarski Glasnik. 2010;64(1-2):83-92.
doi:10.2298/VETGL1002083M .

Marković, Radmila, Šefer, Dragan, Radulović, Stamen, Šperanda, Marcela, "Presence and importance of mycotoxins in pig feed" in Veterinarski Glasnik, 64, no. 1-2 (2010):83-92,
https://doi.org/10.2298/VETGL1002083M . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Šefer, Dragan
AU  - Marković, Radmila
AU  - Šperanda, Marcela
AU  - Petrujkić, Branko
PY  - 2010
UR  - https://vet-erinar.vet.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/731
AB  - Over a period of five years (2005-2009), the laboratory of the Department for Nutrition and Botanic analyzed 22 samples of mixes from the territory of Serbia, intended for the diet of two categories of cattle (fattening calves I and dairy cows with over 20 liters of milk). The analysis was performed using standard methods, and the obtained results were compared with the quality conditions prescribed under the Regulations on quality and other requirements for animal feed (SRY Official Gazette numbers 20/00 and 38/01). Intensive breeding of cattle implies the use of concentrated mixes for all categories which are adapted to the age and purpose of maintenance of the animals. The mixes are products of the animal food industry, and they are obtained through an established technological procedure using the required raw materials. The inadequate quality of raw materials causes problems involving the quality of the finished products, so that strict adherence to the established recipes does not necessary result in a satisfactory quality of the mixes. All of the above imposes the need for the constant monitoring of the nutritive value of the mixes, and consequently also of their quality. On the grounds of the analysis of the presence of the elementary nutritive matter, no significant differences were established with regard to the prescribed quantity of nutritive matter, so that the use of the examined mixes in the diets of the respective categories of cattle can be expected to yield satisfactory production results. .
AB  - Tokom petogodišnjeg perioda (2005 - 2009) u Laboratoriji Katedre za ishranu i botaniku analizirano je 22 uzorka smeša sa teritorije Srbije, namenjenih za ishranu dve kategorije goveda (junadi u tovu I i krava muzara sa preko 20 litara mleka). Analiza je izvršena standardnim metodama, a dobijeni rezultati poređeni su sa uslovima kvaliteta smeša propisanih Pravilnikom o kvalitetu i drugim zahtevima za hranu za životinje (Sl. list SRJ br. 20/00 i 38/01). Intenzivni uzgoj goveda podrazumeva upotrebu koncentrovanih smeša za sve kategorije koje su prilagođene, njihovoj starosnoj dobi i nameni. Smeše su proizvodi industrije hrane za životinje, dobijeni utvrđenim tehnološkim postupkom upotrebom odgovarajućih sirovina. Neodgovarajući kvalitet sirovina uzrokuje probleme u pogledu kvaliteta finalnih proizvoda, tako da se striktnim pridržavanjem utvrđenih receptura ne postiže uvek i zadovoljavajući kvalitet smeša. Sve ovo nameće potrebu konstantnog praćenja hranljive vrednosti smeša, a time i kvaliteta. Na osnovu analize prisustva osnovnih hranljivih materija nisu ustanovljena značajnija odstupanja u odnosu na propisanu količinu hranljivih materija, tako da se upotrebom ispitivanih smeša u ishrani odgovarajučih kategorija goveda mogu očekivati zadovoljavajući proizvodni rezultati. .
PB  - Univerzitet u Beogradu - Fakultet veterinarske medicine, Beograd
T2  - Veterinarski Glasnik
T1  - Nutritive value of fodder mixes for nutrition of cattle in territory of Republic of Serbia
T1  - Hranljiva vrednost krmnih smeša za ishranu goveda na teritoriji Republike Srbije
VL  - 64
IS  - 1-2
SP  - 75
EP  - 81
DO  - 10.2298/VETGL1002075S
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Šefer, Dragan and Marković, Radmila and Šperanda, Marcela and Petrujkić, Branko",
year = "2010",
abstract = "Over a period of five years (2005-2009), the laboratory of the Department for Nutrition and Botanic analyzed 22 samples of mixes from the territory of Serbia, intended for the diet of two categories of cattle (fattening calves I and dairy cows with over 20 liters of milk). The analysis was performed using standard methods, and the obtained results were compared with the quality conditions prescribed under the Regulations on quality and other requirements for animal feed (SRY Official Gazette numbers 20/00 and 38/01). Intensive breeding of cattle implies the use of concentrated mixes for all categories which are adapted to the age and purpose of maintenance of the animals. The mixes are products of the animal food industry, and they are obtained through an established technological procedure using the required raw materials. The inadequate quality of raw materials causes problems involving the quality of the finished products, so that strict adherence to the established recipes does not necessary result in a satisfactory quality of the mixes. All of the above imposes the need for the constant monitoring of the nutritive value of the mixes, and consequently also of their quality. On the grounds of the analysis of the presence of the elementary nutritive matter, no significant differences were established with regard to the prescribed quantity of nutritive matter, so that the use of the examined mixes in the diets of the respective categories of cattle can be expected to yield satisfactory production results. ., Tokom petogodišnjeg perioda (2005 - 2009) u Laboratoriji Katedre za ishranu i botaniku analizirano je 22 uzorka smeša sa teritorije Srbije, namenjenih za ishranu dve kategorije goveda (junadi u tovu I i krava muzara sa preko 20 litara mleka). Analiza je izvršena standardnim metodama, a dobijeni rezultati poređeni su sa uslovima kvaliteta smeša propisanih Pravilnikom o kvalitetu i drugim zahtevima za hranu za životinje (Sl. list SRJ br. 20/00 i 38/01). Intenzivni uzgoj goveda podrazumeva upotrebu koncentrovanih smeša za sve kategorije koje su prilagođene, njihovoj starosnoj dobi i nameni. Smeše su proizvodi industrije hrane za životinje, dobijeni utvrđenim tehnološkim postupkom upotrebom odgovarajućih sirovina. Neodgovarajući kvalitet sirovina uzrokuje probleme u pogledu kvaliteta finalnih proizvoda, tako da se striktnim pridržavanjem utvrđenih receptura ne postiže uvek i zadovoljavajući kvalitet smeša. Sve ovo nameće potrebu konstantnog praćenja hranljive vrednosti smeša, a time i kvaliteta. Na osnovu analize prisustva osnovnih hranljivih materija nisu ustanovljena značajnija odstupanja u odnosu na propisanu količinu hranljivih materija, tako da se upotrebom ispitivanih smeša u ishrani odgovarajučih kategorija goveda mogu očekivati zadovoljavajući proizvodni rezultati. .",
publisher = "Univerzitet u Beogradu - Fakultet veterinarske medicine, Beograd",
journal = "Veterinarski Glasnik",
title = "Nutritive value of fodder mixes for nutrition of cattle in territory of Republic of Serbia, Hranljiva vrednost krmnih smeša za ishranu goveda na teritoriji Republike Srbije",
volume = "64",
number = "1-2",
pages = "75-81",
doi = "10.2298/VETGL1002075S"
}

Šefer, D., Marković, R., Šperanda, M.,& Petrujkić, B.. (2010). Nutritive value of fodder mixes for nutrition of cattle in territory of Republic of Serbia. in Veterinarski Glasnik
Univerzitet u Beogradu - Fakultet veterinarske medicine, Beograd., 64(1-2), 75-81.
https://doi.org/10.2298/VETGL1002075S

Šefer D, Marković R, Šperanda M, Petrujkić B. Nutritive value of fodder mixes for nutrition of cattle in territory of Republic of Serbia. in Veterinarski Glasnik. 2010;64(1-2):75-81.
doi:10.2298/VETGL1002075S .

Šefer, Dragan, Marković, Radmila, Šperanda, Marcela, Petrujkić, Branko, "Nutritive value of fodder mixes for nutrition of cattle in territory of Republic of Serbia" in Veterinarski Glasnik, 64, no. 1-2 (2010):75-81,
https://doi.org/10.2298/VETGL1002075S . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vujanac, Ivan
AU  - Kirovski, Danijela
AU  - Bojkovski, Jovan
AU  - Prodanović, Radiša
AU  - Savić, Božidar
AU  - Šamanc, Horea
PY  - 2010
UR  - https://vet-erinar.vet.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/727
AB  - The objective of this work was to examine the influence of outer temperature on values of the vital signs (temperature, pulse, respiration) in high-yield dairy cows in early stages of lactation, as well as to establish, on the grounds of the degree of correlation between the values for the vital signs and the temperature humidity index (THI), possibilities for using the examined physiological parameters of the organism as an indicator of heat stress. The experiment covered 10 high-yield dairy cows in the first phase of lactation. The investigations were carried out in the course of July and the first half of August. During the course of the experiment, the average THI was determined daily. An average daily THI higher than 70 indicated that the animal had been exposed to heat stress on that day. Vital signs were measured on twelve occasions during the period of investigation (June 30, July 4, July 7, July 10, July 14, July 17, July 21, July 24, July 29, August 5, August 11, and August 14). It was established on the grounds of the THI values that the examined animals were exposed to heat stress on June 30, July 4, July 7, July 14, July 17, July 21, July 29, August 5, and August 14, while there was no heat stress on July 10, July 24, and August 11. The average body temperature during all the periods of examination, with the exception of July 24, was above the upper physiological limit. A high degree of correlation was established between body temperature and the heat index (r = +0. 509; p = 0.05). The number of respiratory movements per minute was above the physiological values during the entire period of investigation. There was a high degree of correlation between the number of respiratory movements and THI (r = + 0.625; p lt 0.05). The average pulse values and number of contractions of the rumen did not vary significantly during the period of investigation. No significant correlation was established between the pulse and THI values, or between motoric activities of the rumen and THI. The results obtained in this work demonstrate that, in high-yield dairy cows exposed to moderate heat stress, the body temperature and the number of respiratory movements are above physiologically permitted values. On these grounds, it can be concluded that these two parameters of the vital signs can be used as physiological indicators of heat stress. .
AB  - Cilj ovog rada je bio da se ispita uticaj spoljašnje temperature na vrednosti trijasa kod visoko mlečnih krava u ranoj fazi laktacije, kao i da se na osnovu stepena korelacije između vrednosti trijasa i dnevnog toplotnog indeksa (THI) utvrdi mogućnost korišćenja ispitanih fizioloških parametara organizma kao pokazatelja toplotnog stresa. U ogled je bilo uključeno 10 visoko mlečnih krava u prvoj fazi laktacije. Ispitivanje je izvedeno tokom jula i prve polovine avgusta. Tokom izvođenja ogleda svakog dana je određivan prosečan THI. Izloženost jedinke toplotnom stresu bila je uslovljena prosečnom dnevnom vrednošću THI većom od 70. Dvanaest puta tokom perioda ispitivanja (30.juna, 4.jula, 7. jula, 10. jula, 14. jula, 17. jula, 21. jula, 24. jula, 29. jula, 5. avgusta, 11. avgusta i 14. avgusta) kravama je određivan trijas. Na osnovu vrednosti THI utvrđeno je da su ispitivane životinje 30. juna, 4. jula, 7. jula, 14. jula, 17. jula, 21. jula, 29. jula, 5. avgusta i 14. avgusta bile izložene delovanju toplotnog stresa, dok 10. jula, 24. jula i 11. avgusta toplotnog stresa nije bilo. Prosečna telesna temperatura je u svim periodima ispitivanja, izuzev 24. jula, bila je iznad gornje fiziološke granice. Utvrđen je visok stepen korelacije između telesne temperature i toplotnog indeksa (r = +0, 509; p = 0,05). Broj respiratornih pokreta u minuti bio je iznad fizioloških vrednosti tokom celog perioda ispitivanja. Između broja respiratornih pokreta i THI postojao je visok stepen korelacije (r = + 0,625; p lt 0,05). Prosečne vrednosti pulsa i broja kontrakcija buraga nisu značajno varirale tokom perioda ispitivanja. Nije utvrđena značajna korelacija između vrednosti pulsa i THI, kao ni između motoričke aktivnosti buraga i THI. Dobijeni rezultati u ovom radu pokazuju da su kod visokomlečnih krava izloženih umerenom toplotnom stresu, telesna temperatura i broj respiratornih pokreta iznad fiziološki dozvoljenih vrednosti. Na osnovu toga može se zaključiti da se ova dva parametra trijasa mogu koristiti kao fiziološki pokazatelji toplotnog stresa. .
PB  - Univerzitet u Beogradu - Fakultet veterinarske medicine, Beograd
T2  - Veterinarski Glasnik
T1  - Effect of heat stress on vital signs in high-yield dairy cows
T1  - Uticaj toplotnog stresa na vrednosti trijasa kod visokomlečnih krava
VL  - 64
IS  - 1-2
SP  - 53
EP  - 63
DO  - 10.2298/VETGL1002053V
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Vujanac, Ivan and Kirovski, Danijela and Bojkovski, Jovan and Prodanović, Radiša and Savić, Božidar and Šamanc, Horea",
year = "2010",
abstract = "The objective of this work was to examine the influence of outer temperature on values of the vital signs (temperature, pulse, respiration) in high-yield dairy cows in early stages of lactation, as well as to establish, on the grounds of the degree of correlation between the values for the vital signs and the temperature humidity index (THI), possibilities for using the examined physiological parameters of the organism as an indicator of heat stress. The experiment covered 10 high-yield dairy cows in the first phase of lactation. The investigations were carried out in the course of July and the first half of August. During the course of the experiment, the average THI was determined daily. An average daily THI higher than 70 indicated that the animal had been exposed to heat stress on that day. Vital signs were measured on twelve occasions during the period of investigation (June 30, July 4, July 7, July 10, July 14, July 17, July 21, July 24, July 29, August 5, August 11, and August 14). It was established on the grounds of the THI values that the examined animals were exposed to heat stress on June 30, July 4, July 7, July 14, July 17, July 21, July 29, August 5, and August 14, while there was no heat stress on July 10, July 24, and August 11. The average body temperature during all the periods of examination, with the exception of July 24, was above the upper physiological limit. A high degree of correlation was established between body temperature and the heat index (r = +0. 509; p = 0.05). The number of respiratory movements per minute was above the physiological values during the entire period of investigation. There was a high degree of correlation between the number of respiratory movements and THI (r = + 0.625; p lt 0.05). The average pulse values and number of contractions of the rumen did not vary significantly during the period of investigation. No significant correlation was established between the pulse and THI values, or between motoric activities of the rumen and THI. The results obtained in this work demonstrate that, in high-yield dairy cows exposed to moderate heat stress, the body temperature and the number of respiratory movements are above physiologically permitted values. On these grounds, it can be concluded that these two parameters of the vital signs can be used as physiological indicators of heat stress. ., Cilj ovog rada je bio da se ispita uticaj spoljašnje temperature na vrednosti trijasa kod visoko mlečnih krava u ranoj fazi laktacije, kao i da se na osnovu stepena korelacije između vrednosti trijasa i dnevnog toplotnog indeksa (THI) utvrdi mogućnost korišćenja ispitanih fizioloških parametara organizma kao pokazatelja toplotnog stresa. U ogled je bilo uključeno 10 visoko mlečnih krava u prvoj fazi laktacije. Ispitivanje je izvedeno tokom jula i prve polovine avgusta. Tokom izvođenja ogleda svakog dana je određivan prosečan THI. Izloženost jedinke toplotnom stresu bila je uslovljena prosečnom dnevnom vrednošću THI većom od 70. Dvanaest puta tokom perioda ispitivanja (30.juna, 4.jula, 7. jula, 10. jula, 14. jula, 17. jula, 21. jula, 24. jula, 29. jula, 5. avgusta, 11. avgusta i 14. avgusta) kravama je određivan trijas. Na osnovu vrednosti THI utvrđeno je da su ispitivane životinje 30. juna, 4. jula, 7. jula, 14. jula, 17. jula, 21. jula, 29. jula, 5. avgusta i 14. avgusta bile izložene delovanju toplotnog stresa, dok 10. jula, 24. jula i 11. avgusta toplotnog stresa nije bilo. Prosečna telesna temperatura je u svim periodima ispitivanja, izuzev 24. jula, bila je iznad gornje fiziološke granice. Utvrđen je visok stepen korelacije između telesne temperature i toplotnog indeksa (r = +0, 509; p = 0,05). Broj respiratornih pokreta u minuti bio je iznad fizioloških vrednosti tokom celog perioda ispitivanja. Između broja respiratornih pokreta i THI postojao je visok stepen korelacije (r = + 0,625; p lt 0,05). Prosečne vrednosti pulsa i broja kontrakcija buraga nisu značajno varirale tokom perioda ispitivanja. Nije utvrđena značajna korelacija između vrednosti pulsa i THI, kao ni između motoričke aktivnosti buraga i THI. Dobijeni rezultati u ovom radu pokazuju da su kod visokomlečnih krava izloženih umerenom toplotnom stresu, telesna temperatura i broj respiratornih pokreta iznad fiziološki dozvoljenih vrednosti. Na osnovu toga može se zaključiti da se ova dva parametra trijasa mogu koristiti kao fiziološki pokazatelji toplotnog stresa. .",
publisher = "Univerzitet u Beogradu - Fakultet veterinarske medicine, Beograd",
journal = "Veterinarski Glasnik",
title = "Effect of heat stress on vital signs in high-yield dairy cows, Uticaj toplotnog stresa na vrednosti trijasa kod visokomlečnih krava",
volume = "64",
number = "1-2",
pages = "53-63",
doi = "10.2298/VETGL1002053V"
}

Vujanac, I., Kirovski, D., Bojkovski, J., Prodanović, R., Savić, B.,& Šamanc, H.. (2010). Effect of heat stress on vital signs in high-yield dairy cows. in Veterinarski Glasnik
Univerzitet u Beogradu - Fakultet veterinarske medicine, Beograd., 64(1-2), 53-63.
https://doi.org/10.2298/VETGL1002053V

Vujanac I, Kirovski D, Bojkovski J, Prodanović R, Savić B, Šamanc H. Effect of heat stress on vital signs in high-yield dairy cows. in Veterinarski Glasnik. 2010;64(1-2):53-63.
doi:10.2298/VETGL1002053V .

Vujanac, Ivan, Kirovski, Danijela, Bojkovski, Jovan, Prodanović, Radiša, Savić, Božidar, Šamanc, Horea, "Effect of heat stress on vital signs in high-yield dairy cows" in Veterinarski Glasnik, 64, no. 1-2 (2010):53-63,
https://doi.org/10.2298/VETGL1002053V . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kirovski, Danijela
AU  - Šamanc, Horea
AU  - Fratrić, Natalija
AU  - Gvozdić, Dragan
AU  - Hristov, Slavča
AU  - Sladojević, Željko
AU  - Mircu, Calin
AU  - Tulcan, Camelia
PY  - 2009
UR  - https://vet-erinar.vet.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/586
AB  - The objective of this work was to examine whether concentrations of cortisol, insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and immunoglobulin G class (IgG), in fact blood parameters which are believed to be of extreme importance in the postnatal survival of calves, are dependant on the body mass of calves at birth. Investigations were performed on 12 newborn calves of the Holstein-Friesian breed, placed into two groups on the grounds of their body mass at birth. The first group (n=6) comprised calves whose body mass was more than 35 kg at birth (41.67±3.08 kg), while the second group (n=6) comprised calves whose body mass at birth was less than 35 kg (32.00±3.58 kg). Blood samples were taken immediately preceding the consuming of colostrum, as well as at 32 hours of neonatal life. Cortisol and IGF-I concentrations were determined in blood serum samples taken immediately before colostrum consumption, while IgG concentration was determined in the samples taken 32 hours after the birth of the calves. The cortisol concentration in calves born with a greater body mass (61.51±32.78 nmol/l) was lower (p=0.052) than in calves born with a smaller body mass (94.89±17.74 nmol/l). A significant negative correlation (r= -0.592; p lt 0.05) was established between the body mass of calves at birth and the cortisol concentration. The IGF-I concentration determined immediately following birth in calves with a greater boy mass at birth (10.17±1.71 nmol/l) was statistically significantly higher (p lt 0.05) in comparison with calves born with a smaller body mass (7.04±1.15 nmol/l). There was a significant positive correlation (r = 0.519; p lt 0.10) between the body mass of calves at birth and the IGF-I concentration. Thirty-two hours following birth, the IgG concentration in blood serum of calves born with a bigger body mass (18.72±1.99 g/l) was significantly higher (p lt 0.05) than in calves born with a smaller body mass (11.68±4.79 g/l). A significant positive correlation was established between the body mass of calves at birth and the IgG concentration determined at 32 hours of neonatal life (r = 0.620; p lt 0.05). The obtained results point to the conclusion that calves of body mass over 35 kg at birth are better adapted to the conditions of the outer environment in comparison with calves born with a body mass of less than 35 kg. .
AB  - Cilj ovog rada je da se ispita da li koncentracije kortizola, insulinusličnog faktora rasta-I (IGF-I) i imunoglobulina klase G (IgG), odnosno parametara krvi za koje se smatra da su izuzetno značajni za postnatalni opstanak teladi, zavise od telesne mase teladi na rođenju. Ispitivanja su izvršena na 12 novorođenih teladi Holštajn-Frizijske rase, razdvojenih u dve grupe na osnovu telesne mase na rođenju. U prvu grupu (n=6) svrstana su telad čija je telesna masa bila veća od 35 kg na rođenju (41,67±3,08 kg), dok su u drugu grupu (n=6) svrstana telad čija je telesna masa na rođenju bila manja od 35 kg (32,00±3,58kg). Neposredno pre napajanja kolostrumom, kao i 32. sata neonatalnog života, uzeti su uzorci krvi. U uzorcima krvnog seruma uzetim neposredno pre napajanja kolostrumom određivana je koncentracija kortizola i IGF-I, dok je u uzorcima uzetim 32 sata nakon rođenja teladi određivana koncentracija IgG. Koncentracija kortizola kod teladi rođene sa većom telesnom masom (61,51±32,78 nmol/l) je bila niža (p= 0,052) nego kod teladi rođenih sa nižom telesnom masom (94,89± 17,74 nmol/l). Utvrđena je značajna negativna korelacija (r=-0,592; p lt 0,05) između telesne mase teladi na rođenju i koncentracije kortizola. Koncentracija IGF-I određena neposredno nakon rođenja kod teladi sa većom telesnom masom na rođenju (10,17±1,71 nmol/l) bila je statistički značajno veća (p lt 0,05) u odnosu na telad rođenu sa nižom telesnom masom (7,04±1,15 nmol/l). Postojala je značajna pozitivna korelacija (r=0,519; p lt 0,10), između telesne mase teladi na rođenju i koncentracije IGF-I. Trideset dva sata nakon rođenja koncentracija IgG u krvnom serumu teladi rođene sa višom telesnom masom (18,72± 1,99 g/l) je bila značajno viša (p lt 0,05) nego kod teladi rođene sa nižom telesnom masom (11,68±4,79 g/l). Utvrđena je značajna pozitivna korelacija između telesne mase teladi na rođenju i koncentracije IgG određene trideset i drugog sata neonatalnog života (r=0,620; p lt 0,05). Dobijeni rezultati upućuju na zaključak da su telad telesne mase preko 35 kg na rođenju bolje adaptirana na uslove spoljašnje sredine u odnosu na telad koja su rođena sa telesnom masom manjom od 35 kilograma. .
PB  - Univerzitet u Beogradu - Fakultet veterinarske medicine, Beograd
T2  - Veterinarski Glasnik
T1  - Concentration of cortisol, insulin-like growth factor-I and immunoglobulin G class in blood of neonatal calves of different body mass at birth
T1  - Koncentracija kortizola, insulinu sličnog faktora rasta-I i imunoglobulina G-klase u krvi neonatalne teladi različite telesne mase na rođenju
VL  - 63
IS  - 5-6
SP  - 321
EP  - 329
DO  - 10.2298/VETGL0906321K
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Kirovski, Danijela and Šamanc, Horea and Fratrić, Natalija and Gvozdić, Dragan and Hristov, Slavča and Sladojević, Željko and Mircu, Calin and Tulcan, Camelia",
year = "2009",
abstract = "The objective of this work was to examine whether concentrations of cortisol, insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and immunoglobulin G class (IgG), in fact blood parameters which are believed to be of extreme importance in the postnatal survival of calves, are dependant on the body mass of calves at birth. Investigations were performed on 12 newborn calves of the Holstein-Friesian breed, placed into two groups on the grounds of their body mass at birth. The first group (n=6) comprised calves whose body mass was more than 35 kg at birth (41.67±3.08 kg), while the second group (n=6) comprised calves whose body mass at birth was less than 35 kg (32.00±3.58 kg). Blood samples were taken immediately preceding the consuming of colostrum, as well as at 32 hours of neonatal life. Cortisol and IGF-I concentrations were determined in blood serum samples taken immediately before colostrum consumption, while IgG concentration was determined in the samples taken 32 hours after the birth of the calves. The cortisol concentration in calves born with a greater body mass (61.51±32.78 nmol/l) was lower (p=0.052) than in calves born with a smaller body mass (94.89±17.74 nmol/l). A significant negative correlation (r= -0.592; p lt 0.05) was established between the body mass of calves at birth and the cortisol concentration. The IGF-I concentration determined immediately following birth in calves with a greater boy mass at birth (10.17±1.71 nmol/l) was statistically significantly higher (p lt 0.05) in comparison with calves born with a smaller body mass (7.04±1.15 nmol/l). There was a significant positive correlation (r = 0.519; p lt 0.10) between the body mass of calves at birth and the IGF-I concentration. Thirty-two hours following birth, the IgG concentration in blood serum of calves born with a bigger body mass (18.72±1.99 g/l) was significantly higher (p lt 0.05) than in calves born with a smaller body mass (11.68±4.79 g/l). A significant positive correlation was established between the body mass of calves at birth and the IgG concentration determined at 32 hours of neonatal life (r = 0.620; p lt 0.05). The obtained results point to the conclusion that calves of body mass over 35 kg at birth are better adapted to the conditions of the outer environment in comparison with calves born with a body mass of less than 35 kg. ., Cilj ovog rada je da se ispita da li koncentracije kortizola, insulinusličnog faktora rasta-I (IGF-I) i imunoglobulina klase G (IgG), odnosno parametara krvi za koje se smatra da su izuzetno značajni za postnatalni opstanak teladi, zavise od telesne mase teladi na rođenju. Ispitivanja su izvršena na 12 novorođenih teladi Holštajn-Frizijske rase, razdvojenih u dve grupe na osnovu telesne mase na rođenju. U prvu grupu (n=6) svrstana su telad čija je telesna masa bila veća od 35 kg na rođenju (41,67±3,08 kg), dok su u drugu grupu (n=6) svrstana telad čija je telesna masa na rođenju bila manja od 35 kg (32,00±3,58kg). Neposredno pre napajanja kolostrumom, kao i 32. sata neonatalnog života, uzeti su uzorci krvi. U uzorcima krvnog seruma uzetim neposredno pre napajanja kolostrumom određivana je koncentracija kortizola i IGF-I, dok je u uzorcima uzetim 32 sata nakon rođenja teladi određivana koncentracija IgG. Koncentracija kortizola kod teladi rođene sa većom telesnom masom (61,51±32,78 nmol/l) je bila niža (p= 0,052) nego kod teladi rođenih sa nižom telesnom masom (94,89± 17,74 nmol/l). Utvrđena je značajna negativna korelacija (r=-0,592; p lt 0,05) između telesne mase teladi na rođenju i koncentracije kortizola. Koncentracija IGF-I određena neposredno nakon rođenja kod teladi sa većom telesnom masom na rođenju (10,17±1,71 nmol/l) bila je statistički značajno veća (p lt 0,05) u odnosu na telad rođenu sa nižom telesnom masom (7,04±1,15 nmol/l). Postojala je značajna pozitivna korelacija (r=0,519; p lt 0,10), između telesne mase teladi na rođenju i koncentracije IGF-I. Trideset dva sata nakon rođenja koncentracija IgG u krvnom serumu teladi rođene sa višom telesnom masom (18,72± 1,99 g/l) je bila značajno viša (p lt 0,05) nego kod teladi rođene sa nižom telesnom masom (11,68±4,79 g/l). Utvrđena je značajna pozitivna korelacija između telesne mase teladi na rođenju i koncentracije IgG određene trideset i drugog sata neonatalnog života (r=0,620; p lt 0,05). Dobijeni rezultati upućuju na zaključak da su telad telesne mase preko 35 kg na rođenju bolje adaptirana na uslove spoljašnje sredine u odnosu na telad koja su rođena sa telesnom masom manjom od 35 kilograma. .",
publisher = "Univerzitet u Beogradu - Fakultet veterinarske medicine, Beograd",
journal = "Veterinarski Glasnik",
title = "Concentration of cortisol, insulin-like growth factor-I and immunoglobulin G class in blood of neonatal calves of different body mass at birth, Koncentracija kortizola, insulinu sličnog faktora rasta-I i imunoglobulina G-klase u krvi neonatalne teladi različite telesne mase na rođenju",
volume = "63",
number = "5-6",
pages = "321-329",
doi = "10.2298/VETGL0906321K"
}

Kirovski, D., Šamanc, H., Fratrić, N., Gvozdić, D., Hristov, S., Sladojević, Ž., Mircu, C.,& Tulcan, C.. (2009). Concentration of cortisol, insulin-like growth factor-I and immunoglobulin G class in blood of neonatal calves of different body mass at birth. in Veterinarski Glasnik
Univerzitet u Beogradu - Fakultet veterinarske medicine, Beograd., 63(5-6), 321-329.
https://doi.org/10.2298/VETGL0906321K

Kirovski D, Šamanc H, Fratrić N, Gvozdić D, Hristov S, Sladojević Ž, Mircu C, Tulcan C. Concentration of cortisol, insulin-like growth factor-I and immunoglobulin G class in blood of neonatal calves of different body mass at birth. in Veterinarski Glasnik. 2009;63(5-6):321-329.
doi:10.2298/VETGL0906321K .

Kirovski, Danijela, Šamanc, Horea, Fratrić, Natalija, Gvozdić, Dragan, Hristov, Slavča, Sladojević, Željko, Mircu, Calin, Tulcan, Camelia, "Concentration of cortisol, insulin-like growth factor-I and immunoglobulin G class in blood of neonatal calves of different body mass at birth" in Veterinarski Glasnik, 63, no. 5-6 (2009):321-329,
https://doi.org/10.2298/VETGL0906321K . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bojkovski, Jovan
AU  - Valčić, Miroslav
AU  - Mirilović, Milorad
AU  - Stanković, Branislav
PY  - 2009
UR  - https://vet-erinar.vet.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/616
AB  - Clostridium perfringens is the most important cause of clostridial enertitic disease in calves. During one calendar year at one dairy farm we isolated Closridium perfringens type B from calves during suckling period. Purpose of our research was to find the most appropriate therapy for that particular farm. It has been found statistically significant defenses (p lt 0,01) between clinical cases in calves within first six months of the year (20) in comparison with the number of calves with symptoms of enterotoxemia in second half of the year (41). Also, statistically significant differences (p>0,01) were observed as far as season was concerned. In the autumn/winter season incidence 47 sick calves were observed in comparison with spring/summer season when 14 animals became sick. It has not been found statistical significant difference (p>0,05) among two groups as far as mortality was concerned. Average age of the animals with symptoms were 71,63 ± 8,21 days. Average age for fatal cases were 71,63 ± 8,21 days. Average duration of the therapy was 6 days.
AB  - Enterotoksemija uzrokovana sa Cl. perfringens je perakutno oboljenje sa čestim fatalnim ishodom. U ovom radu su izneti podaci o kretanju enterotoksemije teladi uzrokovane sa Cl.perfringens tip B na farmi visoko-mlečnih krava u toku jedne kalendarske godine. Statističkom analizom ustanovljeno je da postoji značajna razlika (p lt 0,01) između broja obolele teladi u prvih šest meseci (20) u odnosu na broj obolele teladi u drugih šest meseci (41). Takođe, ustanovljena je statistički značajna razlika (p lt 0,01) u broju obolele teladi u jesenje-zimskom periodu u odnosu na prolećno-letnji period. U jesenjem-zimskom periodu obolelo je 47 teladi dok je u prolećno-letnjem periodu obolelo 14 teladi. Analizom broja uginule teladi između posmatrana dva perioda vremena, nije ustanovljena statistički značajna razlika (p>0,05). Izračunavanjem deskriptivnih statističkih parametara obolele i uginule teladi ustanovili smo da je prosečna starost obolele teladi na ispitivanoj farmi bila 71,63 ± 8,21 dan, a prosečna starost uginule teladi bila je 77,25 ± 16,39. Ovo ukazuje da je terapija i lečenje obolele teladi trajalo prosečno oko šest dana. Koeficijent varijacije kod uginule teladi je skoro dva puta veći nego kod obolele, što ukazuje na veću varijabilnost vremena lečenja obolele teladi.
PB  - Institut PKB Agroekonomik, Padinska skela
T2  - Zbornik naučnih radova Instituta PKB Agroekonomik
T1  - Enterotoxemia caused by Clostridium perfringens type B in calves from dairy cows
T1  - Enterotoksemije teladi visoko-mlečnih krava uzrokovane sa Clostridium perfringes tip B
VL  - 15
IS  - 3-4
SP  - 205
EP  - 214
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_2110
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Bojkovski, Jovan and Valčić, Miroslav and Mirilović, Milorad and Stanković, Branislav",
year = "2009",
abstract = "Clostridium perfringens is the most important cause of clostridial enertitic disease in calves. During one calendar year at one dairy farm we isolated Closridium perfringens type B from calves during suckling period. Purpose of our research was to find the most appropriate therapy for that particular farm. It has been found statistically significant defenses (p lt 0,01) between clinical cases in calves within first six months of the year (20) in comparison with the number of calves with symptoms of enterotoxemia in second half of the year (41). Also, statistically significant differences (p>0,01) were observed as far as season was concerned. In the autumn/winter season incidence 47 sick calves were observed in comparison with spring/summer season when 14 animals became sick. It has not been found statistical significant difference (p>0,05) among two groups as far as mortality was concerned. Average age of the animals with symptoms were 71,63 ± 8,21 days. Average age for fatal cases were 71,63 ± 8,21 days. Average duration of the therapy was 6 days., Enterotoksemija uzrokovana sa Cl. perfringens je perakutno oboljenje sa čestim fatalnim ishodom. U ovom radu su izneti podaci o kretanju enterotoksemije teladi uzrokovane sa Cl.perfringens tip B na farmi visoko-mlečnih krava u toku jedne kalendarske godine. Statističkom analizom ustanovljeno je da postoji značajna razlika (p lt 0,01) između broja obolele teladi u prvih šest meseci (20) u odnosu na broj obolele teladi u drugih šest meseci (41). Takođe, ustanovljena je statistički značajna razlika (p lt 0,01) u broju obolele teladi u jesenje-zimskom periodu u odnosu na prolećno-letnji period. U jesenjem-zimskom periodu obolelo je 47 teladi dok je u prolećno-letnjem periodu obolelo 14 teladi. Analizom broja uginule teladi između posmatrana dva perioda vremena, nije ustanovljena statistički značajna razlika (p>0,05). Izračunavanjem deskriptivnih statističkih parametara obolele i uginule teladi ustanovili smo da je prosečna starost obolele teladi na ispitivanoj farmi bila 71,63 ± 8,21 dan, a prosečna starost uginule teladi bila je 77,25 ± 16,39. Ovo ukazuje da je terapija i lečenje obolele teladi trajalo prosečno oko šest dana. Koeficijent varijacije kod uginule teladi je skoro dva puta veći nego kod obolele, što ukazuje na veću varijabilnost vremena lečenja obolele teladi.",
publisher = "Institut PKB Agroekonomik, Padinska skela",
journal = "Zbornik naučnih radova Instituta PKB Agroekonomik",
title = "Enterotoxemia caused by Clostridium perfringens type B in calves from dairy cows, Enterotoksemije teladi visoko-mlečnih krava uzrokovane sa Clostridium perfringes tip B",
volume = "15",
number = "3-4",
pages = "205-214",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_2110"
}

Bojkovski, J., Valčić, M., Mirilović, M.,& Stanković, B.. (2009). Enterotoxemia caused by Clostridium perfringens type B in calves from dairy cows. in Zbornik naučnih radova Instituta PKB Agroekonomik
Institut PKB Agroekonomik, Padinska skela., 15(3-4), 205-214.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_2110

Bojkovski J, Valčić M, Mirilović M, Stanković B. Enterotoxemia caused by Clostridium perfringens type B in calves from dairy cows. in Zbornik naučnih radova Instituta PKB Agroekonomik. 2009;15(3-4):205-214.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_2110 .

Bojkovski, Jovan, Valčić, Miroslav, Mirilović, Milorad, Stanković, Branislav, "Enterotoxemia caused by Clostridium perfringens type B in calves from dairy cows" in Zbornik naučnih radova Instituta PKB Agroekonomik, 15, no. 3-4 (2009):205-214,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_2110 .